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		<title>Hard Core test NEW FastTrac™ retinal tracking system &#8211; full video without a cut.</title>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Feb 2013 19:44:56 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[This video shows the latest OCT technology in full length- without a cut. This demo film is shown in &#8220;real life&#8221;, without a cut or ​​any corrections. A young gentleman was measured to test the functionality of the newly introduced Fast Tracker. In the middle of the measurement, the person moves away from the scanner, [...]<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=2065">Hard Core test NEW FastTrac™ retinal tracking system &#8211; full video without a cut.</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This video shows the latest OCT technology in full length- without a cut.</p>
<p>This demo film is shown in &#8220;real life&#8221;, without a cut or ​​any corrections. A young gentleman was measured to test the functionality of the newly introduced Fast Tracker. In the middle of the measurement, the person moves away from the scanner, sits down again, and very surprisingly, the scanner automatically finds the last position and finishes the scanning procedure as if nothing has happened. Surprise, suprise!</p>
<p>-&gt; View Tracker Test by GETOCT. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.<br />
<iframe src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/Wc8di1z5bAI?list=UUYUoz506GZKCaCBXnaudF6A" height="315" width="560" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0"></iframe></p>
<p>Download Video -&gt; <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Impressive-eye-tracker-Cirrus5000HD-GETOCTest.mp4">Hard Core Test Eyetracker Cirrus5000HD GETOCT</a></p>
<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=2065">Hard Core test NEW FastTrac™ retinal tracking system &#8211; full video without a cut.</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
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			<itunes:keywords>OCT Zeiss Cirrus 5000 HD OCT Test</itunes:keywords>
	<itunes:subtitle>This video shows the latest OCT technology in full length- without a cut. - This demo film is shown in &quot;real life&quot;, without a cut or ​​any corrections. A young gentleman was measured to test the functionality of the newly introduced Fast Tracker.</itunes:subtitle>
		<itunes:summary>This video shows the latest OCT technology in full length- without a cut.

This demo film is shown in &quot;real life&quot;, without a cut or ​​any corrections. A young gentleman was measured to test the functionality of the newly introduced Fast Tracker. In the middle of the measurement, the person moves away from the scanner, sits down again, and very surprisingly, the scanner automatically finds the last position and finishes the scanning procedure as if nothing has happened. Surprise, suprise!

-&gt; View Tracker Test by GETOCT. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.


Download Video -&gt; Hard Core Test Eyetracker Cirrus5000HD GETOCT</itunes:summary>
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		<title>Stargardt&#8217;s Disease: what is it? Fundus flavimaculatus</title>
		<link>http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1987</link>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 10 Feb 2013 20:30:01 +0000</pubDate>
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		<category><![CDATA[Stargardt's Disease Morbus Stargardt retina Netzhaut Macula Makula Pigment Blatt Zellen RPE Degeneration Genetik Therapie Ursache OCT Autofluoreszenz Autofluorescence angio fluo]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Stargardt&#8217;s disease is a genetic disease of the retina. Morbus Stargardt ist eine genetische Krankheit der Netzhaut.                                                                                           -&#62;English version below. -&#62;View: case from GETOCT database enriched by Dr. med. Filippo Simona, Locarno, Switzerland and Dr. med. Peter Maloca, Lucerne, Switzerland. Register for more details at www.getoct.com. &#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; &#160; [...]<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1987">Stargardt&#8217;s Disease: what is it? Fundus flavimaculatus</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Stargardt&#8217;s disease is a genetic disease of the retina. Morbus Stargardt ist eine genetische Krankheit der Netzhaut.                                                                                           -&gt;English version below.</p>
<pre></pre>
<p>-&gt;View: case from GETOCT database enriched by Dr. med. Filippo Simona, Locarno, Switzerland and Dr. med. Peter Maloca, Lucerne, Switzerland. Register for more details at www.getoct.com.</p>
<div id="attachment_2003" class="wp-caption alignleft" style="width: 126px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Portrait-Pippo.jpg"><img class=" wp-image-2003 " title="Filippo Simona, MD, Locarno, Switzerland" alt="Filippo Simona, MD, Locarno, Switzerland" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Portrait-Pippo-193x300.jpg" width="116" height="180" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Filippo Simona, MD, Locarno, Switzerland</p></div>
<div id="attachment_797" class="wp-caption alignleft" style="width: 133px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Peter-Maloca.jpg"><img class=" wp-image-797 " title="Peter Maloca, MD" alt="Peter Maloca, MD" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Peter-Maloca-205x300.jpg" width="123" height="180" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Peter Maloca, MD, Lucerne, Switzerland</p></div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<div id="attachment_2040" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Stargardt-DNA2.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-2040" alt="Stargardt’s disease is a genetic disease of the retina. Morbus Stargardt ist eine genetische Krankheit der Netzhaut. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved." src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Stargardt-DNA2-1024x768.jpg" width="450" height="337" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Stargardt’s disease is a genetic disease of the retina, most common by mutations in the ABCA4 gene. Morbus Stargardt ist eine genetische Krankheit der Netzhaut. Am häufigsten ist eine Mutation im ABCA4-Gen zu finden. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p>Die Netzhaut ist eine wichtige Gewebeschicht im Auge. Ein essentieller Teil der Netzhaut wird Makula genannt und ist der Ort des schärfsten Sehens. Nur mit der Makula können kleine Details gesehen werden. Lesen eines Buches ohne eine gesunde Makula ist nicht möglich.</p>
<p><iframe src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/StgA0oi4DFM" height="315" width="420" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0"></iframe></p>
<p><strong>Defektes Gen als Ursache des Morbus <strong>Stargardt: ABCA4-Gen<br />
</strong></strong></p>
<p>Der deutsche Augenarzt Karl Stargardt hat diese beidseitige Augenkrankheit 1901 in Marburg beschrieben. Der Begriff Fundus flavimaculatus wurde durch den Schweizer Augenarzt Adolphe Franceschetti 1963 eingeführt.</p>
<p>Die Netzhaut ist aufgebaut durch verschiedene Zellen, die in Schichten angeordnet sind. Beim Morbus Stargardt sterben lichtempfindliche Zellen vor allem in der Makula langsam ab (Makuladegeneration). Üblicherweise wird der Begriff <strong>Makuladegeneration</strong> heute vor allem für einen Verlust der zentralen Sehschärfe bei älteren Personen verwendet. Makuladegeneration entspricht aber eine Gruppe von verschiedenen Krankheiten, welche schlussendlich zu einem ähnlichen Resultat führen: den Verlust des schärfsten Sehens, der in jedem Lebensalter auftreten kann.</p>
<p>Die Ursache beim Morbus Stargartdt ist ein genetischer Defekt, der zu einer übermässigen Ansammlung von Lipofuszin vor allem in den Pigmentblattzellen führt. Liposfuszin wird als &#8220;Alterspigment&#8221; betrachtet.  Damit die Krankheit ausbrechen kann, müssen beide Eltern Träger des Defektes sein. Erhält ein Kind nur von einem betroffenen Elternteil den Gendefekt, so ist es wohl Träger, wird aber selber keine Krankheit entwickeln. Die Stargardt-Krankheit zeigt sich schon in der Kindheit und Jugend. Meistens ist der Verlauf um so langsamer, je später im Leben die ersten Symtome auftreten.</p>
<p><strong><strong>ABCA4-Gen</strong></strong> <strong>und Rim Protein &#8211; Vitamin-A-Dimer-Theorie</strong></p>
<p>Das ABCA4-Gen ist verantwortlich für die Herstellung eines relativ grossen Proteins (sogenanntes Rim Protein). Ein gesundes Rim-Protein ist wichtig den Transport von Vitamin A von den lichtempfindlichen Sehzellen (Photorezeptoren) zu den Pigmentblattzellen (Retinales Pigmentblatt, RPE). Im Pigmentepithel wird normalerweise das Vitamin A rezykliert und wieder genutzt. Beim Morbus Stargardt funktioniert der Vitamin-A-Transport nicht ausreichend, sodass sich Vitamin A-Produkte ansammeln und in der Menge toxisch wirken (&#8220;Vitamin-A-Dimer&#8221;). Auch bei gesunden Menschen erfolgt eine gewisse Vitamin-A-Dimer-Produktion, doch dauert die Anreicherung mehrere Jahrzehnte, bis eine toxische Schwelle erreicht wird.</p>
<div id="attachment_2054" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/RIM-Protein-GETOCT.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-2054" alt="Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved." src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/RIM-Protein-GETOCT-1024x764.jpg" width="450" height="335" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Beim Morbus Stargardt führt ein teilweise defektes ABCA 4-Gen zu einem unzureichenden Transport von Vitamin A durch das RIM-Transportprotein. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p><strong><strong>Morbus <strong>Stargard: e</strong></strong>ine Krankheit &#8211; verschiedene Namen</strong></p>
<p>Verschiedene Namen werden für diese Krankheit verwendet:</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">-<em>Juvenile Makuläre Degeneration</em> (lat. <em>juvenilis</em> = jugendlich, zeitliches Auftreten schon im jugendlichen Alter)<br />
-<em>Makuläre Dytrophie mit Flecken, Typ 1 </em> (Erscheinungsform beim Betrachten mit dem Augenspiegel)<br />
-<em>Fundus flavi-maculatus</em> (lat. <em>fundus</em> = Boden/Hintergund eines Organs,  <em>flavi</em> = gelb, <em>maculatus</em> = befleckt, , beschrieben durch den Schweizer Augenarzt Adolphe Franceschetti 1963)<br />
-&#8221;Schießscheibenmakulopathie&#8221;oder &#8221; Ochsenaugen-Makulopathie&#8221; (deutsch, Erscheinungsform beim Betrachten mit dem Augenspiegel)<br />
-&#8221;Bull&#8217;s eye&#8221; (engl., Erscheinungsform beim Betrachten mit dem Augenspiegel)<br />
<em>-Stargardt&#8217;s Disease</em> (engl. <em>disease</em> =Erkrankung)<br />
-<em>SGD</em> (als Abkürzung)</p>
<p><strong>Woran entdeckt man einen Morbus Stargardt?</strong></p>
<p>Es entstehen Probleme mit dem zentralen Sehen, welches verschwommen, verzogen sein kann und durch dunkle Stellen beeinträchtigt ist. Die Gewöhnung von Hell zu Dunkel kann verlangsamt sein. Mühe mit der Nachtsicht, wobei im Vergleich mit anderen Krankheiten das Sehen in der Dunkelheit dennoch relativ gut ist.  Das äussere Gesichtsfeld bleibt erhalten, indessen treten Störungen des Farben-Sehens auf. Das Fortschreiten der Krankheit ist sehr unterschiedlich und sehr individuell. Üblicherweise ist der Verlauf langsam, kombiniert mit schneller ablaufenden Episoden, sodass das Lesevermögen verloren gehen kann. Die Krankheit kann im Alter zwischen 6 bis 20 Jahren beginnen, wobei erste Einschränkungen häufig erst ab dem dreissigsten Lebensjahr auftreten.</p>
<p><strong>Die gute Nachricht<br />
</strong></p>
<p>Beim Morbus Stargardt bleiben der Sehnerv und die äusseren Bereiche der Netzhaut ohne Schädigung. Deshalb tritt eine vollständige Erblindung praktisch nie ein.</p>
<p><strong>Lipofuszin &#8211; &#8220;Alterspigment&#8221;</strong></p>
<p>Lipofuszin (gr. <em>lipo </em>= Fett, <em>fuscus</em>= dunkle Farbe) wird auch als &#8220;Alterspigment&#8221; betrachtet. Lipofuszin besteht aus oxidierten Eiweissen und Fetten und ist ein nicht weiter verwertbares oder abbaubares Abfallprodukt. Es zeigt sich als intrazelluläres,  gelbbraunes Granulat und ist typischerweise um den Zellkern angeordnet. Es ist in vielen gesunden Geweben wie Nervenzellen, Pigmentepithel des Auges, der Leber und Herzmuskel vorhanden. Die Akkumulation von Lipofuszin im retinalen Pigmentepithel kann ein Warnsignal für eine degenerative Erkrankung des Auges sein.</p>
<p>Selbst im gesunden Gewebe ist ein gewisser Lipofuszinanteil vorhanden, als ein Zeichen des normalen Stoffwechsels und Abbaus von Produkten, insbesondere der Fette (Lipide). Wenn es zu Störungen im Abbau von Lipofuszin kommt, dann sammelt sich Lipofuszin in der Zelle an (Lysosomen) und entwickelt dann seine toxischen Eigenschaften.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div>
<dl id="attachment_2020">
<dt>
<div id="attachment_2020" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Lipofiscin2.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-2020 " alt="Lipofuscin (gr. lipo = fat) considered as &quot;aging pigment&quot;. It shows as intracellular finely yellow-brown granules and is arranged around the nucleus." src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Lipofiscin2-687x1024.jpg" width="450" height="670" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Lipofuscin (gr. lipo = Fett) wird als &#8220;Alterspigment&#8221; betrachtet. Auch in gesunden Zellen (1) ist Lipofuszin (3) vorhanden, typischweise um den vitalen Zellkern (2) herum. Sammelt sich zu viel Lipofuszin an (4) entstehen toxische Effekte und die Zelle (5) stirbt ab (6). Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
</dl>
</div>
<p><strong>Wie wird die Diagnose eines Morbus Stargardt gestellt?</strong></p>
<p>Die sorgfältige Anamnese liefert bereits hilfreiche Hinweise. Eine Kontrolle beim Augenarzt zeigt in einem frühen Stadium oft keine krankhaften Veränderungen. Der Augenarzt überprüft das Auge darum mit diversen Hilfsmitteln:</p>
<p><strong>Sehschärfe (Kurzsichtigkeit-Myopie, Weitsichtigkeit-Hyperopie, Hornhautverkrümmung-Astigmatismus):</strong></p>
<p>Meistens besteht nur eine geringe Fehlsichtigkeit, die mit geeigneten Gläsern korrigiert werden kann.</p>
<p><strong>Augenspiegel (Fundusuntersuchung)</strong></p>
<p>Bei jüngeren Menschen findet sich normalerweise bei der Augenspiegelung ein sogenannter <strong>Foveolarreflex</strong>, der beim Morbus Stargardt fehlen kann. Im Pigmentblatt wird übermässig viel fetthaltiges, gelbliches Pigment (Lipofuscin) abglagert und zerstört langsam die Pigmentblattschicht, vor allem um das Lesezentrums (Fovea) herum. Diese Veränderung erinnert in der Form an eine Schiessscheibe oder an ein Ochsenauge (&#8220;<strong>Schießscheibenmakulopathie</strong>&#8220;, &#8220;<strong>Bull&#8217;s eye</strong>&#8220;). Zudem sind gelbliche, unregelmäßige Flecken sichtbar. Im Spätstadium können neugebildete Gefässe entstehen (<strong>subretinale Neovaskularisationen</strong>).</p>
<p><strong>Netzhautfotografie (Fundusaufnahme, Autofluoreszenez AF, Fluoreszenz-Angiograhphie FA)</strong></p>
<p>Zur Dokumentation ist eine Fotografie der Netzhaut geeignet. Weit wichtiger ist die Autofluoreszenz-Fotografie, die im Bereich der zerstörten Pigmentblattzellen dunkle Flecken nachweist. Die Fluoreszenzangiografie zeigt wegen der übermässigen Einlagerung von Lipofuszin in den verbleibenden Pigmentblattzellen eine Blockade der Aderhautfluoreszenz, sogenannte dunkle Aderhaut (&#8220;dark choroid&#8221;). Neovaskularisationen sind in der Fluoreszenzangiografie rasch erkennbar.</p>
<h3>Elektrophysiologische Untersuchungen der Netzhaut</h3>
<p>Ein Elektrookulogramms (EOG) bzw. ein Ganzfeld-Elektroretinogramm (ERG) sind im Frühstadium wenig hilfreich. Die elektrische Antwort der zentralen Sinneszellen (Zapfen) im multifokalen Elektroretinogramm (mfERG) sind aber schon früh reduziert.</p>
<p><strong>Therapie:</strong></p>
<p>Die Krankheit kann noch nicht geheilt werden, obwohl viele genetische Behandlungen erprobt werden. Wichtig ist der Schutz der verbleibenden Zellen:<br />
-Nicht Rauchen<br />
-Vitamin reiche Ernährung<br />
-Sonnenschutz (Hut, Sonnenbrille mit Schutz vor UV-Licht und blauem Licht)<br />
-gut korrigierte Brille<br />
-Low vision Hilfen</p>
<p>-&gt;Download video <strong>Stargardt&#8217;s Disease</strong> by Dr. med. Filippo Simona, Locarno, Switzerland:<br />
<a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Morbus-Stargardt-Dr-Simona-GETOCT-1.mp4">Morbus Stargardt Dr Simona &amp; GETOCT </a></p>
<p><strong>Defective ABCA4- <strong>gene </strong>as the cause of Stargardt&#8217;s Disease</strong></p>
<p>A German ophthalmologist Karl Stargardt has described this bilateral disease in 1901 in Marburg. The retina is an important layer of the eye. An essential part of the retina is called the macula and is the site of sharpest vision. Only with the macula small details can be seen. Reading a book without a healthy macula is not possible. The retina itself is constructed by different cells. In Stargardt&#8217;s disease light-sensitive cells in the macula die slowly (macular degeneration). Usually, the term macular degeneration is now used primarily for a loss of central vision in the elderly. Macular degeneration is a group of different diseases, which ultimately lead to a similar result: the loss of central visual acuity, what can happen at any age.</p>
<p>The cause of Stargardt&#8217;s Disease is a genetic defect. Both parents must be carriers of the defect, that the disease can break out.  A child of only one affected parent is only carrier, but will not  develop the disease itself. Stargardt&#8217;s disease usually appears in childhood and adolescence.</p>
<p><strong>ABCA4 gene and Rim protein &#8211; vitamin A dimer<br />
</strong></p>
<p>The ABCA4 gene is responsible for the production of a relatively large protein (so-called rim protein). A healthy Rim-Protein is essential to transport vitamin A from the light-sensitive photoreceptor cells to the retinal pigment cells (Retinal pigment epithelium, RPE). In the RPE the vitamin A normally is recycled and reused. In Stargardt&#8217;s disease the vitamin A transport is insufficient, so that vitamin A products accumulate and toxic effects occur (&#8220;vitamin A dimer&#8221;). Even in healthy people a certain vitamin A dimer production is present, but the enrichment takes several decades until a toxic level is reached.</p>
<div id="attachment_2054" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/RIM-Protein-GETOCT.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-2054   " title="ABCA4 RIM protein Vitamin A. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved." alt="Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved." src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/RIM-Protein-GETOCT-1024x764.jpg" width="450" height="335" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">In Stargardt&#8217;s Disease, a partially defective ABCA 4-gene leads to a lack of sufficiant vitamin A transport by the RIM-transport protein. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p><strong>Stargard&#8217;s disease: one disease &#8211; different names</strong></p>
<p>Different names are used for this disease:</p>
<p>-<em>Juvenile Macular Degeneration</em> (Latin <em>juvenilis</em> = teen, time occurrence even at a young age)<br />
-<em>Macular-Dytrophie with flecks, type 1</em> (appearance when viewed with an ophthalmoscope)<br />
-<em>Fundus flavi-maculatus</em> (Latin <em>fundus</em> = bottom/the background of an organ, <em>flavi</em> = yellow, <em>maculatus</em>= with spots)<br />
-&#8221;<em>Schießscheibenmakulopathie</em>&#8221; (German, appearance when viewed with the ophthalmoscope)<br />
-<em>&#8220;Bull&#8217;s eye&#8221;</em> (appearance when viewed with the ophthalmoscope)<br />
-<em>Stargardt&#8217;s Disease</em> (English disease = illness)<br />
-<em>SGD</em> (abbreviation)</p>
<p>The term fundus flavimaculatus was introduced by the Swiss ophthalmologist Adolphe Franceschetti in 1963.</p>
<p><strong>What are the signs of a</strong> <strong>Stargardt&#8217;s Disease</strong>?</p>
<p>There are problems with the central vision, which is blurred, can be warped and have dark spots. The adaptation from dark to light can be slowed down. Impaired night vision is detected, but compared to other diseases, night vision is still relatively good. The external visual field is maintained, however, disorders of color vision occur. The progression of the disease is very different and very individual. Usually,  the course is slower, the later in life, the first symptoms occur. The disease can begin at an age from 6 to 20 years, with first restrictions often occuring only from the age of thirty. The course is usually slow, combined with faster episodes leading often to legal blindness.</p>
<p><strong>Good news about Stargardt</strong></p>
<p>The optic nerve and the outer areas of the retina remain without damage. Therefore Stargardt almost never causes complete vision loss.</p>
<p><strong>How is Stargardt&#8217;s disease diagnosed?</strong></p>
<p>Careful medical history is already delivering useful informations. A visit at the eye doctor at an early stage often shows no pathological changes. The eye doctor checkes the eye therefore with various tools:</p>
<p><strong>Visual acuity (myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism):</strong></p>
<p>In most cases, there is a low refractive error that can be corrected with appropriate spectacles.</p>
<p><strong>Ophthalmoscope (fundus examination)</strong></p>
<p>In younger people a so-called &#8220;foveolar reflex&#8221; is visible,  that can be lacking in Stargardt disease. The pigment layer is excessively filed with a greasy, yellowish pigment (lipofuscin), and destroyed slowly, especially around the reading center (fovea). Lipofiscin is considered as an &#8220;aging pigment&#8221;. This change in the shape of a disk reminds to a bull&#8217;s eye (&#8220;bull&#8217;s eye maculopathy&#8221;). Moreover, yellowish, irregular flecks are visible. In the late stage newly formed vessels may arise (subretinal neovascularization).</p>
<p><strong>Retinal photography (fundus imaging FI, autofluorescence AF, Fluorescence angiography FA)</strong></p>
<p>To document a photograph of the retina is rational. Far more important is the autofluorescence photography, which in the area of ​​destroyed pigment cells proves dark spots or dark areas. Fluorescein angiography shows that because of the excessive storage of lipofuscin in the remaining leaf pigment cells block the choroidal fluorescence, called dark choroid (&#8220;dark choroid&#8221;). Neovascularization are quickly recognizable in the fluorescein angiography.</p>
<p><strong>Electrophysiological studies of the retina</strong></p>
<p>An elektrooculogram (EOG) and a full-field electroretinography (ERG) are not very helpful in the early stages. However, the electrical response of the central sensory cells (cones) in the multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) are reduced early.</p>
<p><strong>Therapy:</strong></p>
<p>The disease can not be cured, although many genetic treatments are being tested. Important is the protection of the remaining cells:<br />
-Non-Smoking<br />
-Vitamin-rich diet<br />
-Sun protection (hat, sunglasses with protection against UV light and blue light)<br />
-Well-corrected spectacles<br />
-Low-vision aids</p>
<p><strong>Lipofuscin &#8211; &#8220;aging pigment&#8221;</strong></p>
<p>Lipofuscin (gr. <em>lipo</em> = fat, <em>fuscus</em>= a swarthy or dark color) is considered as an &#8220;aging pigment&#8221;. Lipofuscin consists of oxidized proteins and fats, and is a further non-usable or degradable cellular waste product. It shows as intracellular, finely yellow-brown granules and is arranged around the nucleus. It is found in many healthy tissues as nerve cells, retinal pigment epithelium, the liver and heart muscle. Accumulation of lipofuscin in the retinal pigment epithelium may be a sign of a degenerative disease of the eye. Even in healthy tissue some degree of lipofuscin is present, as a sign of the normal metabolism and degradation of products, especially the lipids.  If there is interference of degradation, then the lipofuscin accumulates in the cell (lysosomes) and releases its toxic properties.</p>
<div id="attachment_2012" class="wp-caption alignleft" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Stargardt-1-GETOCT.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-2012  " title="Stargardt GETOCT" alt="Stargardt GETOCT" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Stargardt-1-GETOCT-697x1024.jpg" width="450" height="661" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Morbus Stargardt  GETOCT. Abnormal deposits of lipofuscin inside the pigment epitelium cells  (blue hexagons), lead to a slow destruction of the pigment cells. Normal pigment cells (above). Healthy pigment cells (light blue), diseased pigment cells inside in the macula (brown hexagons, below). Cause is a genetic disorder, a mutation of the ABCA4 gene, which leads to the accumulation of toxic metabolites (lipofuscin, considered as an &#8220;aging pigment&#8221;). Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div id="attachment_2020" class="wp-caption alignleft" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Lipofiscin2.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-2020 " alt="Lipofuscin (gr. lipo = fat) considered as &quot;aging pigment&quot;. It shows as intracellular finely yellow-brown granules and is arranged around the nucleus." src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Lipofiscin2-687x1024.jpg" width="450" height="670" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Lipofuscin as &#8220;aging pigment&#8221;. Even in healthy cells (1) lipofuscin (yellow spheres, 3) is seen as a product of the metabolisme and a degradation of metabolites. Lipofuscin is typically arranged around the vital nucleus of the cell (2). In degeneration of retinal pigment epithelial cells (5), to much lipofuscin is stored (4), thus leading to a toxic reaction to the cell (6). The cell dies. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1987">Stargardt&#8217;s Disease: what is it? Fundus flavimaculatus</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
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			<itunes:keywords>Stargardt&#039;s Disease Morbus Stargardt retina Netzhaut Macula Makula Pigment Blatt Zellen RPE Degeneration Genetik Therapie Ursache OCT Autofluoreszenz Autofluorescence angio fluo</itunes:keywords>
	<itunes:subtitle>Stargardt&#039;s disease is a genetic disease of the retina. Morbus Stargardt ist eine genetische Krankheit der Netzhaut.                                                                                           -&gt;English version below. - </itunes:subtitle>
		<itunes:summary>Stargardt&#039;s disease is a genetic disease of the retina. Morbus Stargardt ist eine genetische Krankheit der Netzhaut.                                                                                           -&gt;English version below.

-&gt;View: case from GETOCT database enriched by Dr. med. Filippo Simona, Locarno, Switzerland and Dr. med. Peter Maloca, Lucerne, Switzerland. Register for more details at www.getoct.com.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Die Netzhaut ist eine wichtige Gewebeschicht im Auge. Ein essentieller Teil der Netzhaut wird Makula genannt und ist der Ort des schärfsten Sehens. Nur mit der Makula können kleine Details gesehen werden. Lesen eines Buches ohne eine gesunde Makula ist nicht möglich.



Defektes Gen als Ursache des Morbus Stargardt: ABCA4-Gen


Der deutsche Augenarzt Karl Stargardt hat diese beidseitige Augenkrankheit 1901 in Marburg beschrieben. Der Begriff Fundus flavimaculatus wurde durch den Schweizer Augenarzt Adolphe Franceschetti 1963 eingeführt.

Die Netzhaut ist aufgebaut durch verschiedene Zellen, die in Schichten angeordnet sind. Beim Morbus Stargardt sterben lichtempfindliche Zellen vor allem in der Makula langsam ab (Makuladegeneration). Üblicherweise wird der Begriff Makuladegeneration heute vor allem für einen Verlust der zentralen Sehschärfe bei älteren Personen verwendet. Makuladegeneration entspricht aber eine Gruppe von verschiedenen Krankheiten, welche schlussendlich zu einem ähnlichen Resultat führen: den Verlust des schärfsten Sehens, der in jedem Lebensalter auftreten kann.

Die Ursache beim Morbus Stargartdt ist ein genetischer Defekt, der zu einer übermässigen Ansammlung von Lipofuszin vor allem in den Pigmentblattzellen führt. Liposfuszin wird als &quot;Alterspigment&quot; betrachtet.  Damit die Krankheit ausbrechen kann, müssen beide Eltern Träger des Defektes sein. Erhält ein Kind nur von einem betroffenen Elternteil den Gendefekt, so ist es wohl Träger, wird aber selber keine Krankheit entwickeln. Die Stargardt-Krankheit zeigt sich schon in der Kindheit und Jugend. Meistens ist der Verlauf um so langsamer, je später im Leben die ersten Symtome auftreten.

ABCA4-Gen und Rim Protein - Vitamin-A-Dimer-Theorie

Das ABCA4-Gen ist verantwortlich für die Herstellung eines relativ grossen Proteins (sogenanntes Rim Protein). Ein gesundes Rim-Protein ist wichtig den Transport von Vitamin A von den lichtempfindlichen Sehzellen (Photorezeptoren) zu den Pigmentblattzellen (Retinales Pigmentblatt, RPE). Im Pigmentepithel wird normalerweise das Vitamin A rezykliert und wieder genutzt. Beim Morbus Stargardt funktioniert der Vitamin-A-Transport nicht ausreichend, sodass sich Vitamin A-Produkte ansammeln und in der Menge toxisch wirken (&quot;Vitamin-A-Dimer&quot;). Auch bei gesunden Menschen erfolgt eine gewisse Vitamin-A-Dimer-Produktion, doch dauert die Anreicherung mehrere Jahrzehnte, bis eine toxische Schwelle erreicht wird.



Morbus Stargard: eine Krankheit - verschiedene Namen

Verschiedene Namen werden für diese Krankheit verwendet:
-Juvenile Makuläre Degeneration (lat. juvenilis = jugendlich, zeitliches Auftreten schon im jugendlichen Alter)
-Makuläre Dytrophie mit Flecken, Typ 1  (Erscheinungsform beim Betrachten mit dem Augenspiegel)
-Fundus flavi-maculatus (lat. fundus = Boden/Hintergund eines Organs,  flavi = gelb, maculatus = befleckt, , beschrieben durch den Schweizer Augenarzt Adolphe Franceschetti 1963)
-&quot;Schießscheibenmakulopathie&quot;oder &quot; Ochsenaugen-Makulopathie&quot; (deutsch, Erscheinungsform beim Betrachten mit dem Augenspiegel)
-&quot;Bull&#039;s eye&quot; (engl., Erscheinungsform beim Betrachten mit dem Augenspiegel)
-Stargardt&#039;s Disease (engl. disease =Erkrankung)
-SGD (als Abkürzung)
Woran entdeckt man einen Morbus Stargardt?

Es entstehen Probleme mit dem zentralen Sehen, welches verschwommen, verzogen sein kann und durch dunkle Stellen beeinträchtigt ist. Die Gewöhnung von Hell zu Dunkel kann verlangsamt sein. Mühe mit der Nachtsicht,</itunes:summary>
		<itunes:author>admin</itunes:author>
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		<title>OCT Scan Step by Step &#8211; Schritt für Schritt</title>
		<link>http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1932</link>
		<comments>http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1932#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Jan 2013 22:11:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[In diesem kurzen Video wird gezeigt, wie eine OCT-Messung des Auges Schritt für Schritt abläuft: unkompliziert, absolut ohne Schmerzen, ohne Berührung des Auges und ohne den Patienten zu beeinträchtigen. Das ist hochmoderne Augenmedizin auf höchstem technologischen Stand. Der Film ist gedacht, um Patienten die Schritte zu zeigen und ihnen eine sorgenfreie Untersuchung zu ermöglichen. This [...]<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1932">OCT Scan Step by Step &#8211; Schritt für Schritt</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In diesem kurzen Video wird gezeigt, wie eine OCT-Messung des Auges Schritt für Schritt abläuft: unkompliziert, absolut ohne Schmerzen, ohne Berührung des Auges und ohne den Patienten zu beeinträchtigen. Das ist hochmoderne Augenmedizin auf höchstem technologischen Stand. Der Film ist gedacht, um Patienten die Schritte zu zeigen und ihnen eine sorgenfreie Untersuchung zu ermöglichen.</p>
<p>This short video demonstrates an OCT experience: uncomplicated, without pain, without contact and without affecting the patient. This is state of the art eye care on to the highest technological standards. The film is intended to help patients to illustrate the steps of an OCt scan and give them a worry-free eye exam.</p>
<p>-&gt;View video OCT Scan Step by Step:<br />
<iframe src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/rSuKbD0mmUA?rel=0" frameborder="0" width="420" height="315"></iframe></p>
<p>-&gt; Download: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/OCT-Scan-Step-by-Step.m4v">OCT Scan Step by Step by GETOCT</a></p>
<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1932">OCT Scan Step by Step &#8211; Schritt für Schritt</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
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			<itunes:keywords>OCT scan retina eye glaucoma Zeiss Heidelberg Optovue Optos Canon Topcon</itunes:keywords>
	<itunes:subtitle>In diesem kurzen Video wird gezeigt, wie eine OCT-Messung des Auges Schritt für Schritt abläuft: unkompliziert, absolut ohne Schmerzen, ohne Berührung des Auges und ohne den Patienten zu beeinträchtigen. Das ist hochmoderne Augenmedizin auf höchstem te...</itunes:subtitle>
		<itunes:summary>In diesem kurzen Video wird gezeigt, wie eine OCT-Messung des Auges Schritt für Schritt abläuft: unkompliziert, absolut ohne Schmerzen, ohne Berührung des Auges und ohne den Patienten zu beeinträchtigen. Das ist hochmoderne Augenmedizin auf höchstem technologischen Stand. Der Film ist gedacht, um Patienten die Schritte zu zeigen und ihnen eine sorgenfreie Untersuchung zu ermöglichen.

This short video demonstrates an OCT experience: uncomplicated, without pain, without contact and without affecting the patient. This is state of the art eye care on to the highest technological standards. The film is intended to help patients to illustrate the steps of an OCt scan and give them a worry-free eye exam.

-&gt;View video OCT Scan Step by Step:


-&gt; Download: OCT Scan Step by Step by GETOCT</itunes:summary>
		<itunes:author>admin</itunes:author>
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		<title>First Swiss Basic Science OCT Course (Optical Coherence Tomography) by Dr. med. Peter Maloca, member of SOG-SSO and FMH, Switzerland</title>
		<link>http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1842</link>
		<comments>http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1842#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 19 Jan 2013 19:19:22 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[The Swiss Eye Week 2013 takes place in Bienne/Switzerland, a convenient localization to most of the members of the Swiss Society of Ophthalmology (SOG SSO). Swiss Society of Ophthalmology was founded in 1907 and is in close contact to the Swiss Medical Association Foederatio Medicorum Helveticorum (FMH). There will be four courses for intrested participants [...]<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1842">First Swiss Basic Science OCT Course (Optical Coherence Tomography) by Dr. med. Peter Maloca, member of SOG-SSO and FMH, Switzerland</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Swiss Eye Week 2013 takes place in Bienne/Switzerland, a convenient localization to most of the members of the <a title="Swiss Ophthamlological Society SSO" href="https://www.sog-sso.ch/" target="_blank"><em><strong>Swiss Society of Ophthalmology</strong></em></a> (SOG SSO). Swiss Society of Ophthalmology was founded in 1907 and is in close contact to the Swiss Medical Association <strong><em>Foederatio Medicorum Helveticorum </em></strong>(FMH).</p>
<div class="mceTemp mceIEcenter">
<div id="attachment_1962" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/SOG-1907.jpg"><img class="size-medium wp-image-1962" title="Swiss Society of Ophthalmology SSO SOG, Est. 1907" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/SOG-1907-300x216.jpg" alt="Swiss Society of Ophthalmology SSO SOG, Est. 1907" width="300" height="216" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Swiss Society of Ophthalmology SSO SOG, Est. 1907</p></div>
<p>There will be four courses for intrested participants during the swiss eye week: The Basic Science Course, The Clinical Science Course, The Swiss Eye Research Meeting, gathering retinal neuroscience groups and scientists in other fields of basic research in ophthalmology and for the first time a <strong>Special Swiss Basic Science OCT Course</strong>.</p>
</div>
<div id="attachment_1907" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/The-best.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-1907" title="The best I have ever experienced " src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/The-best-1024x579.jpg" alt="The best I have ever experienced " width="450" height="254" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Dr. med. Alfred Kilchhofer, St.Gallen, participant of the  Swiss Basic Science OCT Course 2013.</p></div>
<p>In this new, very interactive Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) course, the focus is set on the clinical relevance of OCT. &#8220;What is realy important? &#8221; This highly skilled OCT course has three objectives: independence, technical feasibility and networking across Switzerland, as well as worldwide. At the end of the course each participant will be independently able, to aquire OCT data from nearly all OCT scanners and rise OCT findings, to relate them for an exact diagnosis and thus an appropriate therapy, to enhance the quality of patient care, in short Swiss OCT Quality. In addition, a number of hands-on at various available OCT scanners is offered under professional guidance and instructions. Finally, all participants will be digitally linked together, so that they are never left alone with their OCT findings. Swiss OCT Quality and Community for a real professional interaction.</p>
<p>A big thank you for the perfect organization,  especially to <em>Mrs Maria Oehler</em> and <em>Jacqueline Mathys</em>, Swiss Society of Ophthalmology SSO-SOG,  Congress Office.</p>
<div id="attachment_1843" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Swiss-Eye-Week-OCT-2013.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-1843" title="Swiss Eye Week OCT 2013 Dr Peter Maloca SOG SSO" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Swiss-Eye-Week-OCT-2013-914x1024.jpg" alt="Swiss Eye Week OCT 2013 Dr Peter Maloca SOG SSO" width="450" height="504" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Schedule of the first Swiss Basic Science OCT Course, Swiss Eye Week  2013 held by Dr. med. Peter Maloca, member of SOG SSO FMH Switzerland.</p></div>
<p>These exercises are specifically designed for the Swiss Eye Weeks OCT students. The quizes are programmed in Flash, so a <a title="Download Adobe Flash Player" href="http://get.adobe.com/de/flashplayer/" target="_blank">Flash player</a> is has to be downloaded first. There ist a time limit of 3 minutes for each test, hurry up!</p>
<h2>Start exercises (password is required: OCT123):</h2>
<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/quiz3.swf">Test 1 Basiscs Swiss Basic Science OCT Course Dr. med. Peter Maloca</a></p>
<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/quiz4.swf">Test 2 Diabetes Swiss Basic Science OCT Course Dr. med. Peter Maloca</a></p>
<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/quiz10.swf">Test 3 Glaucoma Basiscs Swiss Basic Science OCT Course Dr. med. Peter Maloca</a></p>
<p>-&gt;View video Impressions of the First Swiss Basic Science OCT Course 2013:<br />
<iframe src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/8ygeBY5zkiY?rel=0" frameborder="0" width="560" height="315"></iframe></p>
<p>-&gt;Download video: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/1st-Swiss-Basic-OCT-Science-Course.m4v">1st Swiss Basic Science OCT Course</a></p>
<p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Statements Swiss Eye Week Basic Science OCT Course 2013 :</strong></span></p>
<p><em>&#8220;Für mich der beste Kurs, den ich jemals in meiner 31-jährigen Augenarztkarriere erlebt/mitgemacht habe, insbesondere didaktisch hervorragend und punkto Darstellung Spitzenklasse (und davon verstehe ich schon was als ehemaliger Assistenzarzt der AUM (Abteilung für Unterrichtsmedien am Inselspital). Auf dem  Beurteilungsblatt habe ich unter „presentation“ eine „7“ angekreuzt….. </em>Dr. med. Fredi Kilchhofer, Augenarzt FMH, St.Gallen</p>
<div id="attachment_1924" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 525px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Best-ever-21.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-1924 " title="Best ever! Evaluation of Swiss Eye Week Basic Science OCT Course 2013 " src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Best-ever-21.jpg" alt="Best ever! Evaluation of Swiss Eye Week Basic Science OCT Course 2013 " width="515" height="165" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Best ever! Evaluation of Swiss Eye Week Basic Science OCT Course 2013</p></div>
<p><em>&#8220;Ja, dieser Kurs hat mir viel Licht ins Dunkel gebracht&#8230;.! Als OP-Pflegefachfrau werde ich ja ab April mit diesem Gerät und Ihrem &#8220;OCT Wissen&#8221; an die Arbeit gehen. Das Augenärztezentrum St.Gallen wird dann neu eröffnet und ich werde sicher die eine oder andere Frage haben. Es war intensiv und hat sich für mich extrem gelohnt! MERCI!&#8221;  </em>Es grüsst Sie Monika Rohrer, St. Gallen.</p>
<p><em>&#8220;Gerne erinnere ich mich an den OCT-Kurs und habe meiner Kollegin vorgeschwärmt: super Kurs für angehende OCT-Userinnen resp. solche, die es werden möchten und es noch nicht gewagt haben. Vermittelt die notwendigen OCT-Basics konzentriert und verständlich und reduziert deutlich die Hemmschwelle, entsprechende Bilder zu interpretieren. Super fand ich auch den Geräteüberblick vor Ort mit der Möglichkeit, diese direkt auszuprobieren. Tolles Hands-on! Ich kann den OCT-Kurs wärmstens empfehlen! Merci nochmals für das Engagement!&#8221;    </em>Dr. med. Barbara Frank Dettwiler, FMH Ophthalmologie, spez. Ophthalmochirurgie, Lyss.</p>
<div id="attachment_1942" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Dr-Judith-Glinz1.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-1942" title="The right guide! Swiss Basic OCT Science Course Dr Judith Glinz" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Dr-Judith-Glinz1-1024x781.jpg" alt="The right guide! Swiss Basic OCT Science Course Dr Judith Glinz" width="450" height="343" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Swiss Basic Science OCT Course is the right guide! Dr. med. Judith Glinz, participant of the  Swiss Basic Science OCT Course 2013.</p></div>
<p><em>&#8220;Kurz: ein toller OCT-Kurs in Biel! Ich bin nicht mehr so orientierungslos, wenn ich mit dem &#8220;OCT unterwegs&#8221; bin, folge schön brav den bekannten Pfaden und bei Unsicherheiten helfen mir die von dir aufgezeigten Wegweiser, um in der korrekten Richtung weiterzumarschieren. Wie du siehst, bewege ich mich noch auf gelben Wegen. Die Bergwege rot-weiss und später die blauweissen Wanderwege oder gar pfadlosen Gefilde werden mir hoffentlich mit der Zeit auch offen stehen. Motto: ohne Fleiss und Schweiss kein Preis. Peter, dein OCT-Basis-Kurs an der Siwss Eye Week 2013 in Biel war einfach toll! Ich bewundere dich echt. All diese Begeisterungsfähigkeit und den grossen Einsatz, um uns etwas beizubringen. Bei mir sind viele 20er-li gefallen. Die systematische Darstellung und vor allem die super Erklärung der abgebildeten OCT-Schichten (was ist das überhaupt, was ich sehe?) haben mir sehr geholfen. Die Industrieausstellung mit all den OCT-Scannern habe ich sehr geschätzt. Es fand sich genügend Zeit und kompetente Ansprechpartner auch seitens der OCT-Hersteller, um alle OCT Scanner vor Ort selber zu testen und viele Fragen stellen zu können. Super! Der Kursort, die Zeiten, die Dauer von 2 Tagen und die Verpflegung waren für mich genau richtig. Résumé: Super! Empfehlenswert und hoffentlich gibt es eine Fortsetzung!&#8221;</em> Dr.med. Judith Glinz, Augenärztin FMH, Bärengasse 21, 4800 Zofingen.</p>
<p><em>&#8220;Im OCT Kurs habe ich viel gelernt:  nützliche  Basics der OCT-Technologie, systematisches Vorgehen vom Bild zur Diagnose, praktisches &#8220;Handling&#8221; an verschiedenen OCT-Geräten und hilfreiche Tips und Tricks aus der Erfahrungsschatzkiste &#8220;Maloca&#8221;. Es ist eine Fortbildung, die Spass macht und wirklich was bringt. Die Begeisterung und Freude am OCT springt auf die Teilnehmer über. Ich kann den Kurs nur wärmstens empfehlen. Get OCT!&#8221;</em> Dr. med. <a title="Meet Dr. Degen online" href="http://www.augenarztpraxis-degen.ch/index.php?option=com_content&amp;task=view&amp;id=11&amp;Itemid=12" target="_blank">Katja Degen</a>, Augenärztin FMH, Zürich.</p>
<p><em>„Ich habe am OCT Kurs viel über die Beurteilung der Aufnahmen/Scans gelernt, auch wie wichtig es z.B. für die Beurteilung eines Sehnerven sein kann. Der Kurs war sehr spannend aufgebaut. Ich als Arzt-Sekretärin habe trotz englischer Sprache und vielen Fachausdrücken sehr viel gelernt und verstanden. Die Begeisterung für OCT ist absolut auf mich übergesprungen, herzlichen Dank!“ </em> Mit freundlichen Grüssen  Patricia Wild, Arzt-Sekretärin,  Augenarztpraxis <a title="More about Dr. med. Katja Degen, Zürich" href="http://www.augenarztpraxis-degen.ch/index.php?option=com_content&amp;task=view&amp;id=11&amp;Itemid=12" target="_blank">Degen</a>, Zürich.</p>
<p><em>&#8220;Je puis encore dire une fois que le OCT cours était absolument convaincant! C&#8217;était un vrai plaisir de passer ces deux jours passionnants à Bienne. </em><em>Bravo pour la qualité!</em><br />
<em>Merci encore!&#8221; </em>Dr. med. Michel Secrétan, Spécialiste FMH Ophtalmolgie, ECHALLENS</p>
<p><em>&#8220;J&#8217;ai trouvé très formidable le cours d&#8217;OCT . J&#8217;ai appris plein de choses intéressantes. Déjà apprendre à reconnaître les couches de la rétine. Ensuite l&#8217;hyper et l&#8217;hyporeflexivité. Et enfin donner une interprétation à ce que je voies. C&#8217;était génial la qualité du cours. Et j&#8217;ai particulièrement aimé votre manière de transmettre votre savoir. Un grand merci encore Cher Peter!&#8221; </em>Dr. med. Carine Mekoguem, médecin-assistant l&#8217;hôpital de St-loup.<em><br />
</em></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1842">First Swiss Basic Science OCT Course (Optical Coherence Tomography) by Dr. med. Peter Maloca, member of SOG-SSO and FMH, Switzerland</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
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			<itunes:keywords>education OCT optical coherence tomography tutorial exam Ausbildung Kurs basiscs swiss eye retina diagnostic Laser Fluo angiografie,SSO SOG Agenarzt Eye care specialist</itunes:keywords>
	<itunes:subtitle>The Swiss Eye Week 2013 takes place in Bienne/Switzerland, a convenient localization to most of the members of the Swiss Society of Ophthalmology (SOG SSO). Swiss Society of Ophthalmology was founded in 1907 and is in close contact to the Swiss Medical...</itunes:subtitle>
		<itunes:summary>The Swiss Eye Week 2013 takes place in Bienne/Switzerland, a convenient localization to most of the members of the Swiss Society of Ophthalmology (SOG SSO). Swiss Society of Ophthalmology was founded in 1907 and is in close contact to the Swiss Medical Association Foederatio Medicorum Helveticorum (FMH).




There will be four courses for intrested participants during the swiss eye week: The Basic Science Course, The Clinical Science Course, The Swiss Eye Research Meeting, gathering retinal neuroscience groups and scientists in other fields of basic research in ophthalmology and for the first time a Special Swiss Basic Science OCT Course.





In this new, very interactive Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) course, the focus is set on the clinical relevance of OCT. &quot;What is realy important? &quot; This highly skilled OCT course has three objectives: independence, technical feasibility and networking across Switzerland, as well as worldwide. At the end of the course each participant will be independently able, to aquire OCT data from nearly all OCT scanners and rise OCT findings, to relate them for an exact diagnosis and thus an appropriate therapy, to enhance the quality of patient care, in short Swiss OCT Quality. In addition, a number of hands-on at various available OCT scanners is offered under professional guidance and instructions. Finally, all participants will be digitally linked together, so that they are never left alone with their OCT findings. Swiss OCT Quality and Community for a real professional interaction.

A big thank you for the perfect organization,  especially to Mrs Maria Oehler and Jacqueline Mathys, Swiss Society of Ophthalmology SSO-SOG,  Congress Office.



These exercises are specifically designed for the Swiss Eye Weeks OCT students. The quizes are programmed in Flash, so a Flash player is has to be downloaded first. There ist a time limit of 3 minutes for each test, hurry up!
Start exercises (password is required: OCT123):
Test 1 Basiscs Swiss Basic Science OCT Course Dr. med. Peter Maloca

Test 2 Diabetes Swiss Basic Science OCT Course Dr. med. Peter Maloca

Test 3 Glaucoma Basiscs Swiss Basic Science OCT Course Dr. med. Peter Maloca

-&gt;View video Impressions of the First Swiss Basic Science OCT Course 2013:


-&gt;Download video: 1st Swiss Basic Science OCT Course

Statements Swiss Eye Week Basic Science OCT Course 2013 :

&quot;Für mich der beste Kurs, den ich jemals in meiner 31-jährigen Augenarztkarriere erlebt/mitgemacht habe, insbesondere didaktisch hervorragend und punkto Darstellung Spitzenklasse (und davon verstehe ich schon was als ehemaliger Assistenzarzt der AUM (Abteilung für Unterrichtsmedien am Inselspital). Auf dem  Beurteilungsblatt habe ich unter „presentation“ eine „7“ angekreuzt….. Dr. med. Fredi Kilchhofer, Augenarzt FMH, St.Gallen



&quot;Ja, dieser Kurs hat mir viel Licht ins Dunkel gebracht....! Als OP-Pflegefachfrau werde ich ja ab April mit diesem Gerät und Ihrem &quot;OCT Wissen&quot; an die Arbeit gehen. Das Augenärztezentrum St.Gallen wird dann neu eröffnet und ich werde sicher die eine oder andere Frage haben. Es war intensiv und hat sich für mich extrem gelohnt! MERCI!&quot;  Es grüsst Sie Monika Rohrer, St. Gallen.

&quot;Gerne erinnere ich mich an den OCT-Kurs und habe meiner Kollegin vorgeschwärmt: super Kurs für angehende OCT-Userinnen resp. solche, die es werden möchten und es noch nicht gewagt haben. Vermittelt die notwendigen OCT-Basics konzentriert und verständlich und reduziert deutlich die Hemmschwelle, entsprechende Bilder zu interpretieren. Super fand ich auch den Geräteüberblick vor Ort mit der Möglichkeit, diese direkt auszuprobieren. Tolles Hands-on! Ich kann den OCT-Kurs wärmstens empfehlen! Merci nochmals für das Engagement!&quot;    Dr. med. Barbara Frank Dettwiler, FMH Ophthalmologie, spez. Ophthalmochirurgie, Lyss.



&quot;Kurz: ein toller OCT-Kurs in Biel! Ich bin nicht mehr so orientierungslos, wenn ich mit dem &quot;OCT unterwegs&quot; bin,</itunes:summary>
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		<title>Zeiss Cirrus 5000 OCT &#8211; a solid OCT solution &#8211; Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)</title>
		<link>http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1695</link>
		<comments>http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1695#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 14 Jan 2013 18:36:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Basics Eye]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Deutsche Version untenstehend. First Zeiss Cirrus 5000 HD OCT in Switzerland by Dr. med. Peter Maloca, Blueye Vision Tech &#38; GETOCT.COM. -&#62;visit Blueye Vision Tech GETOCT.COM was given the opportunity as a first party in Switzerland to test the brand new Cirrus 5000 from Zeiss Switzerland. &#160; Already the Cirrus 4000 showed its intuitive, compact [...]<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1695">Zeiss Cirrus 5000 OCT &#8211; a solid OCT solution &#8211; Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<pre style="text-align: right;">Deutsche Version untenstehend.</pre>
<h2>First Zeiss Cirrus 5000 HD OCT in Switzerland by</h2>
<h2 title="Engagement und Vertrauen"><a title="Augenarzt Praxis Dr Peter Maloca Luzern" href="http://www.dr-maloca.ch" target="_blank">Dr. med. Peter Maloca,</a> <a title="Engagement und Vertrauen" href="http://www.blueyetech.ch/" target="_blank">Blueye Vision Tech</a> &amp; <a title="Register GETOCT now: the professional community about OCT" href="http://www.getoct.ch/" target="_blank">GETOCT.COM.</a></h2>
<div id="attachment_1831" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 108px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Logo-Blueye-1.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-1831" title="Provided by Blueye Vision Tech GmbH" alt="Provided by Blueye Vision Tech GmbH" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Logo-Blueye-1.jpg" width="98" height="100" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Provided by Blueye Vision Tech GmbH</p></div>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a title="Engagement und Vertrauen" href="http://www.blueyetech.ch/" target="_blank">-&gt;visit Blueye Vision Tech</a></p>
<p><strong>GETOCT.COM</strong> was given the opportunity as a first party in Switzerland to test the brand new Cirrus 5000 from Zeiss Switzerland.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div id="attachment_1825" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Cirrus-GETOCT-R.jpg"><img class="size-medium wp-image-1825" title="Cirrus GETOCT R" alt="What is the worth of healthy eyes?" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Cirrus-GETOCT-R-300x191.jpg" width="300" height="191" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">What is the worth of healthy eyes?  GETOCT.COM. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p>Already the Cirrus 4000 showed its intuitive, compact dimensions, a nice designed user interface and a great robustness. Thus, the Cirrus 4000 had 7 years worked daily without any fail! This is a very nice performance for a computer, for a highly complex optical coherence (OCT) scanner it is almost a miracle. The new Cirrus 5000 system features a modernized system based on a fast Windows 7 computer with much more faster processing and OCT camera system, a larger viewing monitor and a wireless mouse and keyboard. You will experience an increased speed, more comfort and and a better reliability.</p>
<p><strong>-&gt;View first Swiss Impression of the brandnew ZeissCirrus5000 Optical Coherence OCT. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</strong><br />
<iframe src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/CktEtflgp2c?rel=0" height="315" width="560" frameborder="0"></iframe></p>
<p><strong>-&gt;Download Swiss Impressions Zeiss Cirrus5000HDOCT:</strong> <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Zeiss-Cirrus-5000_GETOCT.m4v">Impressions Cirrus5000 GETOCT</a></p>
<h2><strong>Hard Core test NEW FastTrac™ retinal tracking system &#8211; full video without a cut.</strong></h2>
<p>This video shows the latest OCT technology in full length- without a cut.</p>
<p>-&gt; View Tracker Test by GETOCT. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.<br />
<iframe src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/Wc8di1z5bAI?rel=0" height="315" width="420" frameborder="0"></iframe></p>
<p>This demo film is shown in &#8220;real life&#8221;, without a cut or ​​any corrections. A young gentleman was measured to test the functionality of the newly introduced Fast Tracker. In the middle of the measurement, the person moves away from the scanner, sits down again, and very surprisingly, the scanner automatically finds the last position and finishes the scanning procedure as if nothing has happened. Surprise, suprise!</p>
<p>Download Video -&gt; <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Impressive-eye-tracker-Cirrus5000HD-GETOCTest.mp4">Hard Core Test Eyetracker Cirrus5000HD GETOCT</a></p>
<h2>General features<strong><em> &#8211; </em></strong><strong>OCT Tools offered by Zeiss Cirrus 5000HDOCT.</strong></h2>
<p><em><strong>Macula OCT Tools:</strong></em></p>
<ul>
<li>Precision FoveaFinder™</li>
<li>NEW FastTrac™ retinal tracking system</li>
<li>NEW Macular Thickness OU Analysis</li>
<li>Advanced RPE analysis</li>
<li>Macular Thickness and Change Analysis</li>
<li>Macular Thickness Normative Data</li>
</ul>
<p><em><strong>Glaucoma OCT Tools:</strong></em></p>
<ul>
<li>Retinal Nerv Fiber Analysis (RNFL)</li>
<li>Retinal Nerv Fiber Analysis (RNFL) Normative Data</li>
<li>Ganglion Cell Analysis</li>
<li>Guided Progression Analysis (GPA™)</li>
</ul>
<p><em><strong>Cornea Tools:</strong></em></p>
<ul>
<li>Axial Corneal Tghickness Analysis</li>
<li>Corneal 3D Imaging</li>
</ul>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2><strong>First encounter- <strong>Cirrus 5000 HD OCT &#8211; a solid big brother.</strong></strong></h2>
<p>Zeiss offered a wide range of tools to for the diagnosis of glaucoma, maculopathies and anterior segment conditions without an additional lens to be installed. At the first touch with the Cirrus 5000  you find your way very quickly. The setup has been consistently adapted from Cirrus 4000 and expanded:</p>
<p>The <strong>mouse</strong> and <strong>keyboard</strong> are now wireless and elegant to use. The mouse fits well in the hand, for larger hands it might be a little too small. The keyboard shows a need of getting used, because the keys are close together and the keyboard is arched. The arrow keys are placed into only one piece. The screen is much larger which facilitates the survey.</p>
<p><strong>Professional OCT simplicity</strong>. &#8220;Reduce to the max &#8220;, was chosen as maxime and successfully implemented. A visual tour of the software is intuitive and pleasant as the controls are reduced to the most necessary and were placed very clear. The technical adaptation to the examiner of such a highly complex OCT technology is exemplary. In an OCT aquisition test &#8211; carried out by a 65 year old woman who had no knowledge of computers or even strange things like OCT &#8211; the data collection lasted under professional guidance only 2 minutes and 42 seconds.</p>
<p><strong>Patient data.</strong> The input of the patient data go as previously very fast and easy.</p>
<p><strong>Acquisition</strong> of the OCT data. The positioning of the head, focusing on the desired location to go quickly as before &#8211; perfect for OCt beginners. The generous protocols consist of anterior segment analysis (corneal thickness and mapping), macular thickness and cross scan regular or high definition (HD-OCT), Enhanced Depth Imaging (EDI) , ganglion-cell analysis, retinal nerve fiber layer analysis (RNFL), optic nerve head analysis (OHD).</p>
<h2><strong>New Tools Zeiss Cirrus 500 HD OCT.</strong></h2>
<p><strong>Modernized system.</strong> Nice handling with wireless mouse and keyboard. Much larger display for relaxing computer work und data representation. Exacter, faster and reproducible data aquisition, and above all very fast data processing.</p>
<p><strong>Fast Trac</strong>is an active eye-tracker allows repeatable measurements of identical sites. The tracker is optional, which means that it can be turned off in patients with a perfect fixation. If fixation is impaired, for example in cases of maculopathies, the tracker supports the OCT measurement. The method compensates blinking and eye movements, which otherwise often lead to artifacts and a poor image quality and leads to a wastage of precious time. The patient can now even stand-up and leave the room during the measurement, later sit down and The Cirrus 5000 HD OCT continues with the measurement at the predetermined location accurately. In a test this feature worked perfectly: a surprisingly positive result. This may be important in patients who need a break because theybecome tired very quickly or unexpectedly need to use the lavatory.</p>
<p><strong>Synopsis of the macular dataset both eyes.</strong> It is encouraging that now the data of macular measurements in a synopsis can be represented. This makes comparison and pathological changes easier to explain to the patient.</p>
<p><strong>New Zeiss Forum Software Suite</strong> <strong>(network based and very fast data transfer and data analysis). </strong> For the digital data transfer,  Zeiss provides an interesting way offering a central software solution (<strong>Zeiss Forum</strong>) so that the patient data have to be typed in only once at the reception and investigative requests to the inthe network existing Zeiss machines are sent instantly. Save time. Save paper. Save money. Go digital. It works and nearly all kind of data output from different manufacturers, even videos can be imported. The so-called &#8220;Turnschuh-Laufwerk&#8221; or  &#8220;sneaker-drive&#8221; is now a thing of the past.</p>
<h2><strong>Not enough about OCT? What is still missing?</strong></h2>
<p><strong>Data analysis.</strong> Various analytical protocols process the acquired OCT data. If several identical scansets were performed in one patient, it happens quickly, that a wrong data set is clicked to be analyzed. The analytical protocol &#8220;crunshes&#8221; then all the data to a visual representation, but &#8220;the dog cannot be stopped&#8221;. A small &#8220;Cancel button&#8221; would save time.</p>
<p><strong>Patient data.</strong> Best enter first the day and month of birth, then choose the dropdown menu to complete the year of birth very quickly. The represntation of the months is now relatively dynamically as the past or future months appears a little smoother. This is a matter of taste. However,  displaying like &#8220;one click, one month&#8221; would be prefered and zack you are done.</p>
<p><strong>Analysis screen</strong> <strong>design</strong>. Fortunately, the number of analysis options has increased, which leads to safer diagnosis and treatments of eye diseases. Because of the abundance, not all protocols appear at the same time, therefore time-consuming scrolling is needed. To change this, it should not be a computer science major effort. Only enlarge the &#8220;analysis protcolls window&#8221; down and efficiency is improved by a simple step.<br />
<strong></strong></p>
<p><strong>Black-On-White versus White-On-Black mode</strong>. What&#8217;s missing is a small switch button to quickly change the color coding of the OCT images, ideally black-on-white, since the layers are better visible, printer ink can be saved to reduce costs and to protect the environment . This desire was expressed many years ago.<br />
<strong></strong></p>
<p><strong>Security</strong>. Currently there is a good security setup of the device with password protection and separate selection of the OCT operator. This is especially useful in large and busy eye centers. In smaller offices  ethe first steps are rather cumbersome and make no real sense, because often only one or two investigators are involved.<br />
<strong></strong></p>
<p><strong>Corneal thickness measurement (Corneal Thickness)</strong>. Zeiss treats the cornea to neglected. It would be beautiful to have a survey of the entire corneal cube in micrometers (OCT pachymetry), not only a  few and small sized sections. It would also be helpful if the compartments (epithelium, stroma) are measured in Thickness and volume, especially for refractive surgery or keratoconus. Moreover: measurements should not only be possible vertically along the laser optical axis, but also obliquely, for example, in corneal scars or corneal wounds. A longer corneal scan length would be very desirable, why not at last 14 millimeters?<br />
<strong></strong></p>
<p><strong>Chamber angle (Anterior Segment)</strong>. In certain situation the numeric definition of the anterior chamber angle is helpful.<br />
<strong></strong></p>
<p><strong>Children and Teen</strong>:<strong> normative database for macula and glaucoma.</strong> Why is the &#8220;OCT-life&#8221; beginning at 18 years? In practice, there are many children and young people by the way. Therefore, a normative database for the under-18s is important. Ths is missing nearly by all OCT manufacturers.</p>
<p><strong>Noise-fan</strong>. The new Cirrus 5000 system is very quiet, almost &#8220;OCT-whispering&#8221; only. Cirrus 4000 produces much more noise, so the existing aerators can be replace, especially OCT operators who sit all day near the OCT scanner would be veryy happy. By the way: it is possible to replace the fans of the Cirrus 4000, to reduce the noise impact. Ask the Zeiss representant!<br />
What are you missing? Please write your comment below! Please enter your comments in the comment section below, thank you!</p>
<div id="attachment_1699" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Cirrus-5000_GETOCT.COM-1.jpg"><img class="size-medium wp-image-1699" title="Cirrus 5000_GETOCT.COM 1" alt="Cirrus 5000_GETOCT.COM 1" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Cirrus-5000_GETOCT.COM-1-300x256.jpg" width="300" height="256" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Brand new OCT Cirrus 5000 GETOCT.COM. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<h2>Erstes Zeiss Cirrus 5000 HD OCT in der Schweiz,</h2>
<h2>von <a title="Augenarzt Praxis Dr. Peter Maloca Luzern" href="http://www.dr-maloca.ch" target="_blank">Dr. med. Peter Maloca, Luzern</a>, <a title="Engagement und Vertrauen" href="http://www.blueyetech.ch/" target="_blank">Blueye Vision Tech</a> <a title="Register GETOCT now: the professional community about OCT" href="http://www.getoct.ch/" target="_blank">GETOCT</a>.</h2>
<p><strong>GETOCT.COM</strong> hatte als erste in der Schweiz die Chance  erhalten, das brandneue Cirrus 5000 OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography oder Optische Kohärenztomography, kurz OCT) zu testen. Bereits das Cirrus 4000 zeigte seine intuitive Bedienbarkeit, kompakte Masse, ein schönes und praktisches Design und eine grosse Robustheit. So hat das Cirrus 4000 HD OCT seit 7 Jahren täglich funktioniert &#8211; ohne einen Ausfall. Das ist eine ausserordentliche Leistung für einen Computer, für einen hochkomplexen OCT-Scanner ist es fast ein Wunder.</p>
<p>Das neue modernisierte Cirrus 5000 HD OCT-System verfügt über eine zeitgemässe Hard- und Software, basierend auf einem schnellen Computer mit Windows 7 mit 64 bit, einem deutlich beschleunigten OCT-Kamera-System, einem angenehm größeren 19 Zoll Monitor und einer drahtlosen Maus und Tastatur. Dies führt zu einer schnelleren Verarbeitung mit kürzeren Zeiten für den Patienten und den Augenarzt. Die OCT-Scangeschwindigkeit liegt zwischen 27,000 bis 68,000 pro Sekunde.</p>
<p><strong>Cirrus 5000 OCT &#8211; der grosse Bruder</strong><br />
Nicht zuletzt fand sich eine ausserordenltiche breite Palette an Tools zur Diagnose von Glaukom, Maculopathien und Vordersegment, ohne dass eine Zusatzlinse installiert werden muss.</p>
<h2><strong>Erste Berührung.</strong></h2>
<p>Schon bei der ersten Berührung findet man sich sehr schnell zurecht. Das Setup wurde konsequent vom bewährten und weit verbreiteten Cirrus 4000 HD OCT adaptiert und erweitert:</p>
<p>Die <strong>Maus</strong> und das <strong>Keyboard</strong> sind jetzt kabellos und elegant zu bedienen. Die Maus sitzt gut in der Hand, kann für grössere Hände aber etwas zu klein daherkommen. Die Tastatur ist gewöhnungsbedürftig, da die Tasten eng beieinander sind und die Tastatur gewölbt ist. Die Tastatur ist auf Englisch, sodass das x und y gesucht werden müssen. Daran gewöhnt man sich aber sehr rasch. Die Pfeiltaste besteht nun aus einem Guss und wirkt zu sperrig. Ein grosser, aufgeräumter Bildschirm erleichtert die Arbeit sehr.</p>
<p><strong>Professionelle OCT-Schlichtheit.</strong> &#8220;Reduce to the max&#8221;, wurde als Maxime gewählt und erfolgreich verwirklicht. Die visuelle Führung durch die Software ist intuitiv und angenehm, da die Bedienelemente auf das Allernötigste reuziert und sehr übersichtlich platziert wurden. Die technische Adaptation an den Untersucher einer so hochkomplexen OCT-Technologie ist vorbildhaft. Bei einem OCT-Aufnahmetest &#8211; ausgeführt durch eine 65 jährige Frau, die keine Ahnung von Computern oder geschweige OCT hatte &#8211; dauerte die Daten Erfassung unter professioneller Anleitung nur 2 Minuten und 42 Sekunden.</p>
<p><strong>Patientendaten</strong>: die Eingabe der Patientendaten und des Geburtsdatums gehen wie bis anhin sehr flüssig und zeitsparend. Am besten erfolgt zuerst die Eingabe das Tages und der Monats der Geburt, danach soll das DropDownmenu angeklickt werden, um das Geburtsjahr rasch zu vervollständigen. Am Bildschirm huscht nun relativ dynamisch bei der Wahl des Monats die Anzeige vorbei und erscheint etwas flüssiger. Bevorzugt wird aber die Darstellung &#8220;ein Klick, ein Monat&#8221;, zack und fertig.<br />
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<p><strong>Neuestes  Zeiss Forum Datensuite (blitzschneller Datentrasfer und Datenanalyse im Netzerk):</strong> für den Datentransfer bietet Zeiss eine interessante Möglichkeit durch eine zentrale Software-Lösung (Zeiss Forum), sodass die Patientendaten am Empfang nur einmal eingetippt werden müssen und dann Untersuchungs-Aufträge über das Netzwerk an vorhandene Zeiss- Maschinen blitzschnell geschickt werden. Spare Zeit, Papier und Geld. Das sogenannte &#8220;Turnschuh-Laufwerk&#8221; gehört ab jetzt der Vergangenheit an. Erfreulicherweise und für den klinischen Alltag sehr wichtig können in die Forum Suite Daten von fast allen anderen Firmen über einen separaten Kanal importiert werden, sogar Videos.</p>
<p><strong>Aquisition</strong> der OCT-Daten. Die Positionierung des Kopfes, die Fokussierung auf die gewünschte Lokalisation des vorderen oder hinteren AUgensegments gehen sehr rasch wie bisher. Gerade OCT-Beginner werden Freude daran haben und sich rasch eingewöhnen. Die grosszügigen Protokolle bestehen aus Vordersegment-Analyse (Cornea-Dicke und Mapping), Makula-Dicke und Querschnitt, Enhanced Depth Imaging (EDI) , Ganglien-Zell-Analyse, retinale Nerven-Faser-Schicht Analyse (RNFL), Opticus.<br />
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<h2><strong>Neue Funktionen Zeiss Cirrus 5000 HD OCT. </strong><br />
<strong></strong></h2>
<p><strong>Modernisiertes System.</strong> Haptisch ist die Benutzung der kabellosen Maus und der Tastatur sehr angenehm. Ein deutlich größerer Monitor sorgt für entspannte Arbeit am Computer und Darstellung der OCT-Daten, was auch bei der Erklärung der Pathologien für den Patienten hilfreich ist. Das führt zu einer genaueren, merklich schnelleren und reproduzierbareren Datenaufnahme und vor allem sehr schnellen Datenverarbeitung.<br />
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<p><strong>Fast Trac</strong> ist ein aktiver Augen-Tracker erlaubt die wiederholbare Messung identischer Lokalisationen. Der Tracker ist optional, das heisst, dass man bei Patienten mit perfekter Fixation, der Tracker ausgeschaltet werden kann. Ist die Fixation beeinträchtigt, zum Beispiel bei Makulopathien, unterstützt der Tracker die Messung. Die Methode kompensiert Blinzeln und Augenbewegungen, was sonst häufig zu Artefakten und schlechten Bildern führt und Zeit kostet. Der Patient kann nun sogar während der Messung vom Scanner weggehen, sich hinsetzen und Cirrus fährt mit der Messung an der genau vorgegebenen Stelle weiter. Beim Selbstversuch zeiget sich ein erstaunlich positives Resultat. Das kann wichtig sein bei Patienten, die rasch ermüden, eine Pause benötigen oder unerwartet auf das WC müssen.</p>
<p><strong>Makula-Synopsis.</strong> Erfreulich ist, dass nun die Daten einer Makula-Messung in einer Synopsis beider Augen darstellbar sind. Das erleichtert den Vergleich und krankhafte Veränderungen sind dem Patienten einfacher erklärbar.</p>
<h2><strong>Nicht genug von OCT? Was fehlt noch?</strong></h2>
<p><strong>Datenanalyse. </strong> Diverse Analyseprotokolle verarbeiten die erhaltenen OCT-Daten. Wurden bei einem Patienten mehrere gleiche Scans durchgeführt, passiert es rasch, dass ein falsches Datenset angeklickt wird. Das Analyseprotokoll &#8220;zermalmt&#8221; dann sämtliche Daten zu einer bildlcihen Darstellung und ist nicht zu stoppen. Ein kleiner &#8220;Abbrechen-Knopf&#8221; spart Zeit.<br />
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<p><strong>Analyse-Bildschirm.</strong> Erfreulicherweise wuchs die Zahl der Analysemöglichkeiten an, was zu einer sicheren Diagnose und Therapie bei Augenkrankheiten führt. Aufgrund der Fülle werden aktuell nicht sämtliche Protokolle angezeigt, sodass geblättert werden muss. Hier sollte nur das &#8220;Protokoll-Fenster&#8221; etwas nach unten verbreitertert werden und schon ist die Effizienz gesteigert. Das sollte kein grosser Informatik-Aufwand sein.</p>
<p><strong>Schwarz-Auf-Weiss versus Weiss-Auf-Schwarz Darstellung</strong>. Was noch fehlt ist ein kleiner Schaltknopf, um schnell die Farbkodierung der OCT-Bilder zu wechseln, idealerweise Schwarz-Auf-Weiss, da somit die Schichten besser erkennbar sind, Drucker-Tinte gespart werden kann, sich die Kosten reduzieren und die Umwelt geschützt wird. Dieser kleine Wunsch wurde schon vor Jahren geäussert.</p>
<p><strong>Sicherheit</strong>.  Aktuell besteht eine gute Zugangssicherheit des Gerätes mit Passwortschutz und separater Auswahl des OCT-Operateurs. Das ist vor allem sinnvoll in grösseren und stark frequentierten Augenzentren. In kleineren Augenarztpraxen sind die ersten Schritte eher umständlich und machen keinen richtigen Sinn, da oft nur ein oder höchstens zwei Untersucher die Messungen durchführen und der ZUgang zum OCT-Scanner mir seinen Patientendaten eingeschränkt ist. Darum sollte hier die Option angeboten werden, dass nach dem Druck des Startknopfes direkt die Analyse/Aquisitionsmaske gezeigt wird oder das bisherige Regime gewählt werden kann.</p>
<p><strong>Hornhaut-Dickenmessung</strong> (Corneal Thickness).  Zeiss behandelt die Hornhaut etwas stiefmütterlich, dabei ist die Hornhaut die zentrale Struktur für gutes Sehen und auch für gute OCT-Bilder. Hier besteht Entwicklungspotential. Schön wäre eine Vermessung des ganzen Hornhautkubus in Mikrometern, nicht nur weniger Querschnitte. Zudem wäre es hilfreich, wenn die cornealen Kompartimente (Epithel, Stroma) ausgemessen werden in Dicke und Volumen, gerade für die refraktive Chirurgie mit Laser, wo aktuell meist nur Durchschnittswerte verwendet werden,  oder bei Keratokonus mit seiner unregelmässig dicken Epithelschicht. Zudem sollte eine Messung einer Läsion in Mikrometern nicht nur vertikal entlang der optischen Laserachse möglich sein, sondern auch schräg, zum Beispiel bei Hornhautnarben, Hornhautwunden. Wünschenswert wäre auch ein längere bzw. selbst einstellbarere Scanlänge und -richtung. Erweiterungen folgen wahrscheinlich mit den nächsten Versionen.<br />
<strong>Kammerwinkel </strong> (Anterior Segment).  In gewissen Situation ist eine Winkeldarstellung der Vorderkammer in Grad hilfreich.<br />
<strong></strong></p>
<p><strong>Kinder und Jugendliche normative Datenbank für Makula und Glaukom</strong>. Warum beginnt das &#8220;OCT-Leben&#8221; erst ab 18 Jahren? In der Praxis gibt es übrigens viele Kinder und Jugendliche. Darum ist eine normative Datenbank für die unter 18jährigen wichtig. Das fehlt bei fast allen OCT-Herstellern.<br />
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<p><strong>Lärmentwicklung-Lüfter</strong>. Das neue Cirrus 5000 System ist sehr leise, es verbreitet fast nur ein &#8220;OCT-Geflüster&#8221;. Der Computer des Cirrus 4000 produziert im direkten Vergleich etwas mehr Lärm. Übrigens: beim Cirrus 4000 können die Ventilatoren durch geräuscharme Modelle ersetzt werden! Darüber freuen sich vor allem die OCT-Operateure, die den ganzen Tag an der Kiste sitzen müssen.</p>
<p>Teilen Sie uns mit, was Ihnen fehlt (Comments unten).</p>
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<h2 style="text-align: center;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>OCT Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) </strong></span></h2>
<h2 style="text-align: center;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>High Definition Gallery Zeiss Cirrus 5000 HD OCT<br />
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<p>The potential of the new Zeiss Cirrus 5000 (optical coherence tomography, OCT) are represtend by following images.<br />
Folgende Bilder zeigen das Potential von Zeiss Cirrus 5000 HD OCT (Optische Kohärenztomographie, OCT):</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>OCT Angle Closure Glaucoma GETOCT.</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_1704" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Angle-closure-glaucoma2.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-1704" title="Angle closure glaucoma" alt="Angle closure glaucoma" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Angle-closure-glaucoma2-1024x520.jpg" width="450" height="228" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">OCT Angle Closure Glaucoma. Nicer details, better insight into deeper layers. Note the very narrow anterior chamber angle, iris in too close in contact with the corneal endothelium. Trabecular meshwork is pictured.  Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong> </strong></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Anterior Segment HD OCT, 3D Corneal OCT GETOCT.</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_1769" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Anterior-segment-HD-OCT-GETOCT.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-1769" title="Anterior segment HD OCT GETOCT" alt="Anterior segment HD OCT GETOCT" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Anterior-segment-HD-OCT-GETOCT-1024x652.jpg" width="450" height="286" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Anterior segment HD OCT GETOCT. The very nice thing with the Cirrus is that you must not buy for the anterior segment an additional anterior segment lens. The lens is embedded in the device and thus by a mishap does not get destroyed or contaminated. It is still worth with time to clean the main front lens again with adequate aids. Aggressive cleaning agents are prohibited, handkerchiefs, cloths, lint-free cotton swab and especially to hard pressure, too. The video image shows a rectangle measuring cube (1) which provides a nice corneal cross-section (2). Along the vertical scan beam the thickness measurement is possible (3, thin cornea with 509 microns.  In certain diseases, for example, scars, even an oblique length measurement would be desirable (4). The red inset (4) shows a nice 3D representation of the cornea, which can be cut and rotated to look at a particular lesion. A corneal thickness- mapping &#8211; similar to the macular thickness map or like a corneal topography &#8211; is, however, still not offered. Probably because the measured data points allow only a minor interpolation and offer only a very relative thickness of the cornea. Attention: be careful with corneal thickness measurements obtained with other scanners. These images show only an interpolation from a few hundred data points, not the reality. Even with good positioning of the eye, artifacts occur (5, red arrow). This should be switched off, through a optional software adjustment, as the localization is not plausible for a general pathology. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong> Bilateral Macular Thickness OCT analysis GETOCT.</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_1767" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Macular-thickness-OU-analysis-GETOCT.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-1767" title="Macular thickness OU analysis GETOCT" alt="Macular thickness OU analysis GETOCT" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Macular-thickness-OU-analysis-GETOCT-1024x644.jpg" width="450" height="283" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Macular thickness OU analysis GETOCT. Macular Thickness analysis allows now a very nice representation of the data aquired with Macular Cube Scan imaging. The SLO image looks much sharper due to the faster camera system. The plot of retinal thickness with false color is softer and looks more detailed. Although many data are shown, the arrangement is simple and does not overload the print out. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
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<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>OCT Enhanced Depth Imaging (EDI) GETOCT.</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_1706" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Enhanced-Depth-Imaging.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-1706" title="Enhanced Depth Imaging (EDI)" alt="Enhanced Depth Imaging (EDI)" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Enhanced-Depth-Imaging-992x1024.jpg" width="450" height="464" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">OCT Enhanced Depth Imaging (EDI). With the  EDI mode the deeper choroidal structures are much better seen. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
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<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>OCT Advanced RPE Change GETOCT in Dry Age Related Maculopathy (dry AMD OCT) GETOCT.</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_1708" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Advanced-RPE-change.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-1708" title="Advanced RPE change" alt="Advanced RPE change" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Advanced-RPE-change-1024x691.jpg" width="450" height="303" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">OCT Advanced RPE Change. A progression of retinal pigment layer lesion (RPE) is demonstrated with the red dots on the right, showing a worsening of the maculopathy and a poor prognosis in dry age reated maculopathy (AMD). Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
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<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>OCT Macular Change Analysis Coss Section OCT GETOCT.</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_1711" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Macular-change-analysis-2.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-1711" title="Macular change analysis cross section OCT" alt="Macular change analysis cross section OCT" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Macular-change-analysis-2-1024x639.jpg" width="450" height="280" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">OCT Macular Change Analysis Coss Section OCT. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Normal OCT </strong><strong>Optic Nerve Head</strong><strong> (<strong>ONH</strong>) RNFL Analysis</strong> <strong>GETOCT</strong>.</p>
<div id="attachment_1717" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/ONH-RNFL-Analysis-2.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-1717" title="ONH (Optic nerve head) RNFL Analysis" alt="ONH (Optic nerve head) RNFL Analysis" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/ONH-RNFL-Analysis-2-1024x597.jpg" width="450" height="262" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">OCT ONH (Optic Nerve Head) RNFL Analysis in a healthy subject. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
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<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Guided Progression </strong><strong>(GPA) </strong><strong>Retinal Nerve Fiber (RNFL) Analysis in Progressing Glaucoma GETOCT.</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_1765" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Guided-Progression-Analysis-GPA-GETOCT.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-1765" title="Guided Progression Analysis (GPA) GETOCT" alt="Guided Progression Analysis (GPA) GETOCT" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Guided-Progression-Analysis-GPA-GETOCT-1024x637.jpg" width="450" height="279" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Guided Progression Analysis (GPA) GETOCT. With the Guided Progression Analysis the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) is tracked over time. A significant change of the RNFL area around the optic disc will be discovered and beautifully illustrated. The image shows three consequent RNFL data sets (top left). After two years a wedge-shaped RNFL defect temoral-inferiorly emerges (brown area, red arrow), so the therapy must be re-evaluated in order to prevent further damage. Red inset: detailed view of the nerve fiber lesion in the RNFL mapping/SLO image and a corresponding circular RNFL cross section around the nerve head. Very nice and of clinical importance: this analysis is unique (double RNFL information): RNFL maping around the optic disc plus standard circular RNFL analysis, including the change over time. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong> OCT Ganglion Cell Analysis (GCL) in Advanced Glaucoma GETOCT.</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_1714" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/ganglion-cell-analysis-in-galucoma.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-1714" title="Ganglion cell analysis in galucoma" alt="Ganglion cell analysis in galucoma" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/ganglion-cell-analysis-in-galucoma-1024x632.jpg" width="450" height="277" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">OCT Ganglion Cell Analysis (GCL) in advanced glaucoma on the right eye. The normal thickness of the ganglion cell layer is reduced (&#8220;eaten doughnut sign or Homer Simpson sign&#8221;) , normal dounut like configuration of the retinal ganlion cell layer in the left eye. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Memory Aid  &#8211; Glaucoma &#8220;Homer Simpson Sign&#8221; &#8211; <strong>&#8220;Donut Glaucoma&#8221; </strong>by GETOCT.COM:</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_1756" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 449px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Glaucoma-Homer-Simpson-Sign-GETOCT.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-1756   " title="Glaucoma Homer Simpson Sign GETOCT" alt="Glaucoma Homer Simpson Sign GETOCT" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Glaucoma-Homer-Simpson-Sign-GETOCT.jpg" width="439" height="503" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Glaucoma Homer Simpson Sign GETOCT. Glaucoma &#8220;Homer Simpson Sign&#8221; by GETOCT (&#8220;donut glaucoma&#8221;), normal ganglion cell layer (GCL), left image below,  devastated ganglion cell layer (right image).  The ganglion cells are essential in signal transmition, for example, to assess glaucoma. Normally, their frequency is centrally greatest where they are located in a shape of a ring. In progressing glaucoma these cells die, so that this ring is slowly disappearing. A memory aid for ganglion cell layer (GCL): In keeping with the famous &#8220;Januar Loch&#8221; in Switzerland (a uncomfortable situation without money and at the limit tipically ocuring in the first month of a new year), a masterful baker in Lucerne is offering a &#8220;January hole pastries&#8221;. In Anglo-Saxon area it is referred to a &#8220;donut&#8221;. The cartoon character &#8220;Homer Simpson&#8221; eats mainly donuts, there &#8220;&#8221;Homer Simpson donut sign&#8221; in cases with reduced ganglion cell desity.     Die Gangienzellen sind essentiell zum Beispiel zur Beurteilung eines Glaukoms. Normalerweise ist ihre Häufigkeit zentral am grössten, wo sie ringförmig angeordnet sind. Bei einem Glaukom zeigt sich ein Verlust dieser wichtigen Zellen, sodass der Ring langsam verschwindet. Gedächtnisstütze: in Anlehnung an das &#8220;berüchtigte Januarloch&#8221; gibt es einen Meisterbäcker in Luzern, der ein &#8220;Januarloch-Gebäck&#8221; anbietet (siehe Foto). Im angelsächsischen Gebiet wird von einem Donut gesprochen. Die Comic Figur Homer Simpson ernährt sich vor allem von Donuts, daher als Gedächtnisstütze &#8220;Homer Simpson donut sign&#8221;.</p></div>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>OCT Extraordinary Diabetic Retinal Edema GETOCT.</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_1715" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Huge-diabetic-edema2.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-1715" title="Huge diabetic  edema" alt="Huge diabetic  edema" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Huge-diabetic-edema2-1024x617.jpg" width="450" height="271" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">OCT Extraordinary Diabetic Edema. Eleveted retina with intraretinal cystoid spaces and subretinal fluid as a sign of a uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The eye is only affected as an organ of a systemic disease. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>OCT Extraordinary Diabetic Edema Cross Section GETOCT.</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_1716" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Huge-diabetic-edema-3.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-1716" title="Huge diabetic  edema" alt="Huge diabetic  edema" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Huge-diabetic-edema-3-1024x563.jpg" width="450" height="247" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">OCT Extraordinary Diabetic Edema. Intraretinal cystoid spaces and subretinal fluid as a complication of an uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.  Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>OCT Retinal Plaquenil Toxicity (Retinal Atrophy) GETOCT.</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_1718" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Plaquenil-toxicity-2.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-1718" title="Plaquenil toxicity, bilateral synopsis view" alt="Plaquenil toxicity, bilateral synopsis view" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Plaquenil-toxicity-2-1024x647.jpg" width="450" height="284" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Plaquenil Toxicity, bilateral synopsis view. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Plaquenil Toxicity OCT (Retinal Atrophy) GETOCT</strong>.</p>
<div id="attachment_1720" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Plaqu-7.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-1720" title="Plaquenil OCT" alt="Plaquenil OCT" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Plaqu-7-699x1024.jpg" width="450" height="659" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Plaquenil Toxicity OCT, Scanning-Laser-Image SLO superposed with retinal thickness mapping. Note the massive atrophy of retinal tissue (blue area). Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>OCT 3D OCT and SLO Retinal Imaging GETOCT.</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_1722" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 473px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/3D-OCT.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-1722    " title="3D OCT." alt="3D OCT." src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/3D-OCT.jpg" width="463" height="437" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">3D OCT and SLO Retinal Imaging. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>3D and Cross Sectional OCT Resolution Cirrus 5000 GETOCT.</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_1762" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 496px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/3D-resolution-GETOCT.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-1762  " title="3D resolution GETOCT" alt="3D resolution GETOCT" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/3D-resolution-GETOCT-1024x731.jpg" width="486" height="347" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">3D resolution Cirrus 5000 GETOCT. Actually no OCT scanner offers a real good 3D representation of OCT data providing real clinical significance . In this case the image in 3D seems very nice, but in 3D the real insertion of a tractional maculopathy may not be pictured (1,2). The basic data for the 3D imaging is based on cross sectional images with a lower resolution (2, macula cross scan with vitreous insertion leading to a full thickness hole. This is clinically not to detect). Using higher computer power, so called high density cross scan images are shown (4). These scans are improved in quality by superposition and summation of many single cross scan. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>OCT Comparision CIRRUS 4000 HD versus 5000 HD OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography).</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_1731" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 507px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/CIRRUS-4000-5000.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-1731    " title="Comparision CIRRUS 4000 HD versus 5000 HD." alt="Comparision CIRRUS 4000 HD versus 5000 HD." src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/CIRRUS-4000-5000.jpg" width="497" height="314" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Comparision CIRRUS 4000 HD versus 5000 HD OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography). They seem the same but the details make the difference. Scanner control with Cirrus 5000 HD is wireless (on the right), the display is enhanced (Cirrus 4000 with 15&#8243; and 1024&#215;768 versus Cirrus 5000 with 19&#8243; and 1280&#215;1024 pixel).  Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p style="text-align: center;">And now a congratulation makes sense. Dr. med. Peter Maloca for his detailed work about the OCT maschines and you as my interested blog reader, who persevered to the end of this post.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>CONGRATULATIONS! You have OCT power!</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: center;">I hope, I could offer you some inspiration!<br />
And please, enter a few comments below and sign up for our <a title="Join the professional GETOCT community now!" href="http://www.getoct.ch/">GETOCT community here.</a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a title="This is Peter Maloca, MD, register on www.getoct.com and join our professional OCT community worldwide!" href="http://www.getoct.com/" target="_blank"><img class="aligncenter" alt="" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Peter-Maloca2.jpg" width="160" height="234" /></a><strong>yours Peter Maloca, MD</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: center;">You will find more in th free <a title="Subscribe now to much more about GETOCT" href="https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/eye-care-getoct-com-professional/id396641873">GETOCT iTunes Store</a> (search for Podcast, GETOCT).</p>
<div id="attachment_1782" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 310px"><a title="Subsribe to the professional OCT iTunes podcast" href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/iTunes-GETOCT1.jpg" target="_blank"><img class="size-medium wp-image-1782" title="iTunes GETOCT" alt="iTunes GETOCT" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/iTunes-GETOCT1-300x227.jpg" width="300" height="227" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Subscribe to iTunes GETOCT podcasts</p></div>
<p>-Further information:<br />
<a title="Website manufacturer Zeiss Cirrus" href="http://www.meditec.zeiss.com/cirrus" target="_blank">Website manufacturer</a><br />
<a title="View FastTrac Video Cirrus 5000" href="http://www.zeiss.ch/41256807004dc84e/Contents-Frame/0ce46f52c1c48024c1257ad1003b5d91" target="_blank">Fast Trac</a></p>
<p>-&gt; Play Video First Swiss Impressions Zeiss Cirrus 5000 HD OCT:</p>
<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1695">Zeiss Cirrus 5000 OCT &#8211; a solid OCT solution &#8211; Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
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			<itunes:keywords>Cirrus 5000 AMD glaucoma retina eye OCT optical coherence tomography,Cirrus Tracker Track,Zeiss Cirrus retina edema glaucoma macula Makula Glaukom Netzhaut</itunes:keywords>
	<itunes:subtitle>Deutsche Version untenstehend. First Zeiss Cirrus 5000 HD OCT in Switzerland by Dr. med. Peter Maloca, Blueye Vision Tech &amp; GETOCT.COM. - -&gt;visit Blueye Vision Tech GETOCT.COM was given the opportunity as a first party in Switzerland to test the br...</itunes:subtitle>
		<itunes:summary>Deutsche Version untenstehend.
First Zeiss Cirrus 5000 HD OCT in Switzerland by
Dr. med. Peter Maloca, Blueye Vision Tech &amp; GETOCT.COM.

-&gt;visit Blueye Vision Tech
GETOCT.COM was given the opportunity as a first party in Switzerland to test the br...</itunes:summary>
		<itunes:author>admin</itunes:author>
		<itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit>
	</item>
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		<title>Vitreous floaters Glaskörpertrübungen Mouches volantes</title>
		<link>http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1669</link>
		<comments>http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1669#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 22 Dec 2012 22:45:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Basics Eye]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Glaskörpertrübung]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Netzhaut Auge retina vitreous floaters mouches volantes Mücken Fliegen Blitze Netzhaut Netzhautablösung Amotio laser vitrectomy Operation Erblindung Vitrektomiedetachment]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Intro: -Vitreous floaters are very common, require no treatment, but are uncomfortable and accompanied by light flashes or peripheral vision loss, they may indicate a retinal detachment. -Glaskörper-Trübungen (Mouches volantes) sind häufig, erfordern meist keine Behandlung, sind aber unangenehm, von Lichtblitzen-Begleitung oder peripherem Sehverlust begleitet sind sie ein Warnzeichen für eine Netzhautablösung. What is the [...]<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1669">Vitreous floaters Glaskörpertrübungen Mouches volantes</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Intro:</strong><br />
-<strong><em>Vitreous floaters</em></strong> are very common, require no treatment, but are uncomfortable and accompanied by light flashes or peripheral vision loss, they may indicate a retinal detachment.</p>
<p>-<em><strong>Glaskörper-Trübungen</strong></em> (<em>Mouches volantes</em>) sind häufig, erfordern meist keine Behandlung, sind aber unangenehm, von Lichtblitzen-Begleitung oder peripherem Sehverlust begleitet sind sie ein Warnzeichen für eine Netzhautablösung.</p>
<p><strong>What is the vitreous?</strong><br />
The vitreous body (humor) is a more or less clear gelatinous mass and occupies the entire space of the cavity of the eyeball between the posterior surface of the lens and the retina.  The vitreous is important in the first months of life in formation of the eye, but has no special function exept for maintenance of its transparency which is important for vision, intraocular pressure and providing a passage for metabolites. The vitreous occupies four fifths of the volume of the eye and weights about 4.0 g. It contains no vessels and no nerves. The vitreous body is composed of many small &#8220;bags&#8221; and communicating channels, convex posteriorly and to the sides, anteriorly there is a slight depression in which the lens is located. A central canal (Cloquet&#8217;s canal) with a diameter about 2 millimetres becomes wider as it approaches the optic nerve.  Peripherally it is very close with the inner retina, and is fixed to the anterior part of the eye, described as &#8220;vitreous base&#8221;.  The strength of fixation depends on the location: optic disc&gt; macula&gt; retinal vessels&gt; retinal tissue. The vitreous is 99% water and 1% is formed bei special collagen fibers and hyaluronic acid.</p>
<div id="attachment_1683" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 506px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/Vitreous-GETOCT1.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-1683  " title="Vitreous 1 GETOCT" src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/Vitreous-GETOCT1.jpg" alt="Vitreous 1 GETOCT" width="496" height="228" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Vitreous body. Schematic representation with an eye-model: the vitreous body is composed of many small &quot;bags&quot; and communicating channels, convex posteriorly and to the sides, anteriorly there is a slight depression in which the lens is located. Copyright © 2013 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
<p><strong>Is the vitreous important?</strong><br />
Yes! These fibers form a wondrous network. Over the years, or in special situations (myopia, inflammation, accidents) these delicate nets decompose, fibers clump together and liquid filled spaces arise. The fluid in theses spaces has no &#8220;shock absorbing vitreous network&#8221; around it, and moves without restriction leading to a stronger force development on the attached retina. The possibility of a retinal tear and a possible retinal detachment increases, particularly at the vitreous base.</p>
<p><strong>Are changes of the vitreous important?</strong><br />
Sometimes. In every person, the vitreous body changes over the years. This is a normal process. Typically, the transparency is reduced and these fibrillar aggregates are seen as &#8220;dancing midges&#8221;. These opacities are seen only with sufficient light, for example, looking on a white wall, the snow or at the blue sky 90 degrees from the sun. However, one must never look at the sun. In the dark, these opacities are invisible. It is very disturbing when one moves from light into the fog, whene the eye is then illuminated diffusely and &#8221; hundreds of flies&#8221; suddenly appear. This is not dangerous, but can interfere, especially in people who are very dependent on their eyes as photographers and illustrators.</p>
<p><strong>Therapy against vitreous floaters?</strong><br />
In this situation &#8220;patience&#8221; helps as the cloudiness moves along the force of gravity and thus out the optical axis. This can unfortunately take months. In appropriate cases, a direct laser treatment of the floaters may be considered.<br />
Uncomfortable it can be when suddenly extraordinarily many new floaters occur, associated with flashes or a  &#8220;lightning&#8221;. These flashes can be a sign of a more powerful traction of the vitreous to the retina. The retina is relatively tough and usually nothing happens. Nevertheless, a check carried out at an eye doctor is important. With excessive traction a tear in the retina may occur, opening an entry to the subretinal space. Sometimes these holes heal on their own. In critical situations, a hole is sealed off with a laser beam, so that the tear can not go further, but it takes up to two weeks untill the laser spots are strong enough. If the lesion is progressing only surgery can help: from the outside of the eye (scleral buckling) or inside (vitrectomy). These surgeries show very good results, so that today the onset of blindness due to retinal detachment is extremely rare.</p>
<p><iframe width="450" height="338" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/7PlDSgykmi8?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></p>
<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/Vitreous-floaters-Glaskoerpertrübung.mp4">Vitreous floaters Glaskoerpertrübung</a></p>
<p><iframe width="450" height="338" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/rJ00qcfsYQ4?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></p>
<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/My-vitreous-floaters.mp4">My vitreous floaters</a></p>
<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1669">Vitreous floaters Glaskörpertrübungen Mouches volantes</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
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			<itunes:keywords>Glaskörpertrübung,Netzhaut Auge retina vitreous floaters mouches volantes Mücken Fliegen Blitze Netzhaut Netzhautablösung Amotio laser vitrectomy Operation Erblindung Vitrektomiedetachment</itunes:keywords>
	<itunes:subtitle>Intro: -Vitreous floaters are very common, require no treatment, but are uncomfortable and accompanied by light flashes or peripheral vision loss, they may indicate a retinal detachment. - -Glaskörper-Trübungen (Mouches volantes) sind häufig,</itunes:subtitle>
		<itunes:summary>Intro:
-Vitreous floaters are very common, require no treatment, but are uncomfortable and accompanied by light flashes or peripheral vision loss, they may indicate a retinal detachment.

-Glaskörper-Trübungen (Mouches volantes) sind häufig, erfordern meist keine Behandlung, sind aber unangenehm, von Lichtblitzen-Begleitung oder peripherem Sehverlust begleitet sind sie ein Warnzeichen für eine Netzhautablösung.

What is the vitreous?
The vitreous body (humor) is a more or less clear gelatinous mass and occupies the entire space of the cavity of the eyeball between the posterior surface of the lens and the retina.  The vitreous is important in the first months of life in formation of the eye, but has no special function exept for maintenance of its transparency which is important for vision, intraocular pressure and providing a passage for metabolites. The vitreous occupies four fifths of the volume of the eye and weights about 4.0 g. It contains no vessels and no nerves. The vitreous body is composed of many small &quot;bags&quot; and communicating channels, convex posteriorly and to the sides, anteriorly there is a slight depression in which the lens is located. A central canal (Cloquet&#039;s canal) with a diameter about 2 millimetres becomes wider as it approaches the optic nerve.  Peripherally it is very close with the inner retina, and is fixed to the anterior part of the eye, described as &quot;vitreous base&quot;.  The strength of fixation depends on the location: optic disc&gt; macula&gt; retinal vessels&gt; retinal tissue. The vitreous is 99% water and 1% is formed bei special collagen fibers and hyaluronic acid.



Is the vitreous important?
Yes! These fibers form a wondrous network. Over the years, or in special situations (myopia, inflammation, accidents) these delicate nets decompose, fibers clump together and liquid filled spaces arise. The fluid in theses spaces has no &quot;shock absorbing vitreous network&quot; around it, and moves without restriction leading to a stronger force development on the attached retina. The possibility of a retinal tear and a possible retinal detachment increases, particularly at the vitreous base.

Are changes of the vitreous important?
Sometimes. In every person, the vitreous body changes over the years. This is a normal process. Typically, the transparency is reduced and these fibrillar aggregates are seen as &quot;dancing midges&quot;. These opacities are seen only with sufficient light, for example, looking on a white wall, the snow or at the blue sky 90 degrees from the sun. However, one must never look at the sun. In the dark, these opacities are invisible. It is very disturbing when one moves from light into the fog, whene the eye is then illuminated diffusely and &quot; hundreds of flies&quot; suddenly appear. This is not dangerous, but can interfere, especially in people who are very dependent on their eyes as photographers and illustrators.

Therapy against vitreous floaters?
In this situation &quot;patience&quot; helps as the cloudiness moves along the force of gravity and thus out the optical axis. This can unfortunately take months. In appropriate cases, a direct laser treatment of the floaters may be considered.
Uncomfortable it can be when suddenly extraordinarily many new floaters occur, associated with flashes or a  &quot;lightning&quot;. These flashes can be a sign of a more powerful traction of the vitreous to the retina. The retina is relatively tough and usually nothing happens. Nevertheless, a check carried out at an eye doctor is important. With excessive traction a tear in the retina may occur, opening an entry to the subretinal space. Sometimes these holes heal on their own. In critical situations, a hole is sealed off with a laser beam, so that the tear can not go further, but it takes up to two weeks untill the laser spots are strong enough. If the lesion is progressing only surgery can help: from the outside of the eye (scleral buckling) or inside (vitrectomy). These surgeries show very good results,</itunes:summary>
		<itunes:author>admin</itunes:author>
		<itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>CoCoCo system for interpretation of OCT images</title>
		<link>http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1652</link>
		<comments>http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1652#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 15 Sep 2012 20:45:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Basics Eye]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[interpretation OCT images guide]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Put nothing into the OCT  image what is not there! It’s a challenge to record a good OCT image of an eye.  The even greater challenge is the correct interpretation of the findings! A systematic approach is described, called GETOCT CoCoCo system: View tutorial: Download: CoCoCo system GETOCT CoCoCo system for interpretation of OCT images [...]<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1652">CoCoCo system for interpretation of OCT images</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Put nothing int</strong><strong>o the OCT  image what is not there!</strong><br />
It’s a challenge to record a good OCT image of an eye.  The even greater challenge is the correct interpretation of the findings!</p>
<p>A systematic approach is described, called GETOCT <em><strong>CoCoCo system</strong></em>:</p>
<p>View tutorial:<br />
<iframe src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/Hx0ojFfHMN4" frameborder="0" width="640" height="480"></iframe></p>
<p>Download:<br />
<a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/CoCoCo-system-GETOCT.mov">CoCoCo system GETOCT</a></p>
<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1652">CoCoCo system for interpretation of OCT images</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
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			<itunes:keywords>interpretation OCT images guide</itunes:keywords>
	<itunes:subtitle>Put nothing into the OCT  image what is not there! It’s a challenge to record a good OCT image of an eye.  The even greater challenge is the correct interpretation of the findings! - A systematic approach is described, called GETOCT CoCoCo system: - </itunes:subtitle>
		<itunes:summary>Put nothing into the OCT  image what is not there!
It’s a challenge to record a good OCT image of an eye.  The even greater challenge is the correct interpretation of the findings!

A systematic approach is described, called GETOCT CoCoCo system:

View tutorial:


Download:
CoCoCo system GETOCT</itunes:summary>
		<itunes:author>admin</itunes:author>
		<itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit>
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		<title>Strategies in Diabetes GETOCT 5</title>
		<link>http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1618</link>
		<comments>http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1618#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 02 Sep 2012 17:20:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Eye Diseases]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[pregnancy Schwangerschaft Typ 1 Typ 2]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1618</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Back from the summer holidays? You are stored sun energy! Plants convert electromagnetic energy directed from the sun into biochemical energy and store it into sugar. Your body converts this chemically stored energy back into electrical power at a cellular level. You can stretch your hand to the sun to capture it, but from the [...]<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1618">Strategies in Diabetes GETOCT 5</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div><strong><strong>Back from the summer holidays? </strong></strong></div>
<div>
<div id="attachment_1626" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 460px"><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Energy.jpg"><img class="size-large wp-image-1626" title="You are stored sun energy. GETOCT." src="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Energy-764x1024.jpg" alt="You are stored sun energy. GETOCT." width="450" height="603" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Try to catch the sun, the sun has taken you long before. Your body is stored sun energy! Sunset in Zadar at the adriatic coast 2012. »Zadar has the most beautiful sunset in the world, applauded at every evening.« Alfred Hitchcock, May 1964,  from room 204, Zadar/Croatia. Copyright © 2012 GETOCT™ Ltd. All rights reserved.</p></div>
</div>
<div><strong>You are stored sun energy!</strong></div>
<div>Plants convert electromagnetic energy directed from the sun into biochemical energy and store it into sugar. Your body converts this chemically stored energy back into electrical power at a cellular level. You can stretch your hand to the sun to capture it, but from the first day of your life, you already have the solar energy in yourself. You are connected to the sun, your body is nothing more or less than a sun storage. In diabetes, the use and flow of this energy storage is disturbed. Yours Peter Maloca, MD.</div>
<p><strong>What to do in diabetic retinopathy? by Martin K. Schmid, MD<br />
</strong></p>
<p>The strategies change, new knowledge has to be evaluated and proofed. The findings of today may already be obsolete tomorrow. We can only show a snapshot of the current knowledge about diabetes. General recommendations must always be placed in the context of the affected patient. There is no standard diabetes patient, each person is different, everybody needs a customized procedure.</p>
<p><strong>Basic frame:</strong><br />
It sounds simple but first of all: the basic frame of all diabetic problems, is the diabetes itself. Diabetic retinopathy represents &#8220;only&#8221; the complication of the underlying disease, called diabetes. Good interdisciplinary management of the underlying disease means control and treatment of the most important paramaters. Responsible for the treatment and control of the underlying disease are the internist and the patient together.</p>
<p><strong>How should we monitor patients with diabetes?</strong><br />
It is important to know that after 20 years, more than 80 percent of affected patient develop a diabetic retinopathy. There are mainly the situations:</p>
<p><strong>1. Pregnancy:</strong></p>
<p>Pregnancy can be a source of danger in diabetes. Pregnancy can lead to a diabetes decompensation. A baseline checkup should already occur if a desire for pregnancy exists. During pregnancy the patient should be checked every three months, even monthly in special cases.</p>
<p><strong>2. Type 1 diabetes:</strong><br />
Currently it is recommended in type 1 diabetes: annual check from the fifth year of manifestation, or from the age of eleven. In the presence of type 1 diabetes without retinopathy annual inspection should be performed. In the presence of type 1 diabetes with retinopathy, the procedure corresponds to the severity.</p>
<p><strong>3. Type 2 diabetes:</strong></p>
<p>In type 2 diabetes, it is different because at diagnosis 36 percent already show a retinopathy. If the retina is healthy in diabetes type 2, nevertheless the retina should be examined annually.<br />
In diabetes with a<em><strong> healthy retina</strong></em> or only a few microaneurysms an annual inspection is recommended.<br />
A <em><strong>moderate diabetic retinopathy</strong></em> means only a few hemorrhages, microaneurysms, beaded veines. In question of an ischemia a fluorescence angiography is worthwhile.  An OCT may be helpful in a decrease of visual acuity with looking for a macular edema.<br />
The checks are carried out every 6 to 12 months depending on the situation.</p>
<p>An <strong><em>advanced diabetic retinopathy</em></strong> is characterized by the 4-2-1 &#8211; rule<br />
-Presence of more than 20 microaneurysms in the four quadrants<br />
-or venous beading in two quadrants and/or one quadrant with IRMA</p>
<p><strong>View video Strategies in diabetes GETOCT 5:</strong><br />
<iframe src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/IPRf2sg9Px4" frameborder="0" width="420" height="315"></iframe><br />
<strong></strong></p>
<p><strong>Download video -&gt;</strong> <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Strategies-in-Diabetes-GETOCT5.mp4">Strategies in Diabetes GETOCT5</a></p>
<p><strong>Therapeutic strategies in macular edema:</strong></p>
<p>Currently, the treatment of a macular edema is a most discussed topic. A proposal for control and treatment in diabetic macular edema is presented in this video.</p>
<p><em><strong>A proposal for control and treatment:</strong></em><br />
In severe diabetic retinopathy a fluorescence angiography (FA) and OCT are performed. These two methods are the basis for the indication of a therapy. The laser is still an important tool, especially for the treatment of ischemia. After treatment, frequent monitoring is necessary.</p>
<p>Consider the morphology and function of the <em><strong>macula</strong></em>:<br />
In a dry macula, good visual acuity and inconspicuous biomicroscopy, checks are carried out every year.<br />
In borderline cases an OCT or fluorescence angiography (FA) should be performed, followed by an appropriate therapy.<br />
In a clinically significant macular edeme, OCT and/or fluorescence angiography (FA) are the basis, followed by Laser and/or anti VEGF therapy. After treatment, a frequent monitoring is necessary in every case.</p>
<p>In cases with a <em><strong>thickened foveola</strong></em> a proposal may be:</p>
<p>If the edema is not located quite centrally, a focal laser may be sufficient. When this laser is not successful, we go back again in the proposed scheme.<br />
If the foveola is thickened centrally, the anti-VEGF therapy is then possible.<br />
If no stabilization occurs, the vision rises an additional laser treatment may be useful.<br />
If therapy stabilized the situation, ​​a break and a close monitoring follows. If everything remains stable, the patient remains in the small control loop.<br />
If the situation worsens, the patient returns to the top level of control.</p>
<p>This is not a fixed regimen, but must be customized and changed over time.</p>
<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1618">Strategies in Diabetes GETOCT 5</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
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			<itunes:keywords>anti VEGF,diabetes,edema,energy,ischaemia,laser,OCT,pregnancy Schwangerschaft Typ 1 Typ 2,retina,retinal layers</itunes:keywords>
	<itunes:subtitle>Back from the summer holidays?  - You are stored sun energy! Plants convert electromagnetic energy directed from the sun into biochemical energy and store it into sugar. Your body converts this chemically stored energy back into electrical po...</itunes:subtitle>
		<itunes:summary>Back from the summer holidays? 





You are stored sun energy!
Plants convert electromagnetic energy directed from the sun into biochemical energy and store it into sugar. Your body converts this chemically stored energy back into electrical power at a cellular level. You can stretch your hand to the sun to capture it, but from the first day of your life, you already have the solar energy in yourself. You are connected to the sun, your body is nothing more or less than a sun storage. In diabetes, the use and flow of this energy storage is disturbed. Yours Peter Maloca, MD.
What to do in diabetic retinopathy? by Martin K. Schmid, MD


The strategies change, new knowledge has to be evaluated and proofed. The findings of today may already be obsolete tomorrow. We can only show a snapshot of the current knowledge about diabetes. General recommendations must always be placed in the context of the affected patient. There is no standard diabetes patient, each person is different, everybody needs a customized procedure.

Basic frame:
It sounds simple but first of all: the basic frame of all diabetic problems, is the diabetes itself. Diabetic retinopathy represents &quot;only&quot; the complication of the underlying disease, called diabetes. Good interdisciplinary management of the underlying disease means control and treatment of the most important paramaters. Responsible for the treatment and control of the underlying disease are the internist and the patient together.

How should we monitor patients with diabetes?
It is important to know that after 20 years, more than 80 percent of affected patient develop a diabetic retinopathy. There are mainly the situations:

1. Pregnancy:

Pregnancy can be a source of danger in diabetes. Pregnancy can lead to a diabetes decompensation. A baseline checkup should already occur if a desire for pregnancy exists. During pregnancy the patient should be checked every three months, even monthly in special cases.

2. Type 1 diabetes:
Currently it is recommended in type 1 diabetes: annual check from the fifth year of manifestation, or from the age of eleven. In the presence of type 1 diabetes without retinopathy annual inspection should be performed. In the presence of type 1 diabetes with retinopathy, the procedure corresponds to the severity.

3. Type 2 diabetes:

In type 2 diabetes, it is different because at diagnosis 36 percent already show a retinopathy. If the retina is healthy in diabetes type 2, nevertheless the retina should be examined annually.
In diabetes with a healthy retina or only a few microaneurysms an annual inspection is recommended.
A moderate diabetic retinopathy means only a few hemorrhages, microaneurysms, beaded veines. In question of an ischemia a fluorescence angiography is worthwhile.  An OCT may be helpful in a decrease of visual acuity with looking for a macular edema.
The checks are carried out every 6 to 12 months depending on the situation.

An advanced diabetic retinopathy is characterized by the 4-2-1 - rule
-Presence of more than 20 microaneurysms in the four quadrants
-or venous beading in two quadrants and/or one quadrant with IRMA

View video Strategies in diabetes GETOCT 5:



Download video -&gt; Strategies in Diabetes GETOCT5

Therapeutic strategies in macular edema:

Currently, the treatment of a macular edema is a most discussed topic. A proposal for control and treatment in diabetic macular edema is presented in this video.

A proposal for control and treatment:
In severe diabetic retinopathy a fluorescence angiography (FA) and OCT are performed. These two methods are the basis for the indication of a therapy. The laser is still an important tool, especially for the treatment of ischemia. After treatment, frequent monitoring is necessary.

Consider the morphology and function of the macula:
In a dry macula, good visual acuity and inconspicuous biomicroscopy, checks are carried out every year.
</itunes:summary>
		<itunes:author>admin</itunes:author>
		<itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Quiz 2 on diabetes: what is a real retinal edema?</title>
		<link>http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1592</link>
		<comments>http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1592#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Jul 2012 17:49:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Basics Eye]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Eye Diseases]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Eye exams]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Eye surgery]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Quiz diabetes retina Lucentis Avastin ant-VEGF]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[We put together some new trivia questions about diabetes and OCT. For interactive reasons questions are programmed in Flash. &#160; Klick here to play Quiz 2 on diabetes in full size: Quiz 2 on diabetes GETOCT &#160; Quiz 2 on diabetes: what is a real retinal edema? is a post from: Eye care - getoct.com [...]<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1592">Quiz 2 on diabetes: what is a real retinal edema?</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We put together some new trivia questions about diabetes and OCT. For interactive reasons questions are programmed in Flash.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Klick here to play Quiz 2 on diabetes in full size:</strong></p>
<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/quiz.swf">Quiz 2 on diabetes GETOCT</a></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1592">Quiz 2 on diabetes: what is a real retinal edema?</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
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<enclosure url="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/quiz.swf" length="1175249" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" />
			<itunes:keywords>Quiz diabetes retina Lucentis Avastin ant-VEGF</itunes:keywords>
	<itunes:subtitle>We put together some new trivia questions about diabetes and OCT. For interactive reasons questions are programmed in Flash. -   - Klick here to play Quiz 2 on diabetes in full size: - Quiz 2 on diabetes GETOCT -  </itunes:subtitle>
		<itunes:summary>We put together some new trivia questions about diabetes and OCT. For interactive reasons questions are programmed in Flash.

 

Klick here to play Quiz 2 on diabetes in full size:

Quiz 2 on diabetes GETOCT

 </itunes:summary>
		<itunes:author>admin</itunes:author>
		<itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit>
	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Strategies in Diabetes GETOCT 4</title>
		<link>http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1585</link>
		<comments>http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1585#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Jul 2012 15:45:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Eye Diseases]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Diabetes edema retina laser injection Lucentis Avastin Laser Injektion Auge Schwellung Therapie Therapy]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1585</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Diabetes damages the blood vessels and if untreated, can lead to blindness. The newest discoveries with anti-VEGF therapy in diabetes have their own requirements. One question is when should a macular edema be treated and when not? So far, a clinically significant macular edema was the main criterion for therapy. There has been a shift [...]<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1585">Strategies in Diabetes GETOCT 4</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Diabetes damages the blood vessels and if untreated, can lead to blindness. The newest discoveries with anti-VEGF therapy in diabetes have their own requirements. One question is when should a macular edema be treated and when not?<br />
So far, a clinically significant macular edema was the main criterion for therapy. There has been a shift from clinically significant macular edema towards the concept of  &#8220;center involving or central subfiled thickening&#8221;.  With OCT, the course over time can now be controlled much more accurately.</p>
<p><strong>View video strategies in diabetes GETOCT 4 Youtube channel:</strong></p>
<p><iframe src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/KwTp0hso9TM" frameborder="0" width="420" height="315"></iframe></p>
<p>The question is, which concept is better: &#8220;clinically significant macular edema&#8221;  versus  &#8220;center involving&#8221;. In the label (package leaflet) of Lucentis is nothing written about retinal thickness. The single most important criterion is the visual acuity loss due to macular edema in diabetes. Monthly injections of Lucentis for three consecutive months until visual acuity is stable. Re-treatment, if the visual acuity is worse again. It is to discuss whether the visual acuity alone is a good parameter for treatment.<br />
<strong>What is a &#8220;clinically significant macular edema&#8221;?</strong><br />
A GETOCT memory aid: important are two circles and a line (cross section papilla):<br />
1. First inner circle with 500 microns around foveola<br />
2. Second circle with one disc diameter around the the foveola<br />
3. A line represents the disc diameter</p>
<p><strong>The definition of clinically significant macular edema is important:</strong><br />
1.Retinal thickening within 500 microns of the center (foveola)<br />
2.Hard exudates within 500 microns around the foveola with adjacent retinal thickening<br />
3. Retinal thickening greater than one disc diameter in order to one disc area around foveola</p>
<p>The disadvantage of this arrangement is that the findings are not always clear.</p>
<p><strong>Diabetes is a vascular disease</strong><br />
Diabetes affects vessels. Therefore, the assessment of the ischemic component is very important. Diabetes on the retina leads to a thinning of the peri foveolar capillary network. The normal fovelar avascular zone (FAZ) increases in size. Almost always, the lesions are irreversible. The capillary network is so badly damaged that swelling can not longer be caused, no edema is visible in advanced cases. In an avascular retina, OCT of the foveola shows completely thinner layers. The normal fine retinal layers are destroyed, but a few crumbs are visible. In very far-advanced stage, anti-VEGF and laser have no great benefit anymore for the visual acuity. The goal of therapy in very advanced situations is no longer the visual acuity, but to prevent vascular proliferations, thus bleeding and a secondary glaucoma or even blindness.</p>
<p><strong>Download video:</strong></p>
<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/Strategies-in-Diabetes-GETOCT-4.mp4">Strategies in Diabetes GETOCT 4</a><br />
<strong></strong></p>
<p><a href="http://blog.getoct.ch/?p=1585">Strategies in Diabetes GETOCT 4</a> is a post from: <a href="http://blog.getoct.ch">Eye care - getoct.com - professional messages</a></p>
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			<itunes:keywords>Diabetes edema retina laser injection Lucentis Avastin Laser Injektion Auge Schwellung Therapie Therapy</itunes:keywords>
	<itunes:subtitle>Diabetes damages the blood vessels and if untreated, can lead to blindness. The newest discoveries with anti-VEGF therapy in diabetes have their own requirements. One question is when should a macular edema be treated and when not? So far,</itunes:subtitle>
		<itunes:summary>Diabetes damages the blood vessels and if untreated, can lead to blindness. The newest discoveries with anti-VEGF therapy in diabetes have their own requirements. One question is when should a macular edema be treated and when not?
So far, a clinically significant macular edema was the main criterion for therapy. There has been a shift from clinically significant macular edema towards the concept of  &quot;center involving or central subfiled thickening&quot;.  With OCT, the course over time can now be controlled much more accurately.

View video strategies in diabetes GETOCT 4 Youtube channel:



The question is, which concept is better: &quot;clinically significant macular edema&quot;  versus  &quot;center involving&quot;. In the label (package leaflet) of Lucentis is nothing written about retinal thickness. The single most important criterion is the visual acuity loss due to macular edema in diabetes. Monthly injections of Lucentis for three consecutive months until visual acuity is stable. Re-treatment, if the visual acuity is worse again. It is to discuss whether the visual acuity alone is a good parameter for treatment.
What is a &quot;clinically significant macular edema&quot;?
A GETOCT memory aid: important are two circles and a line (cross section papilla):
1. First inner circle with 500 microns around foveola
2. Second circle with one disc diameter around the the foveola
3. A line represents the disc diameter

The definition of clinically significant macular edema is important:
1.Retinal thickening within 500 microns of the center (foveola)
2.Hard exudates within 500 microns around the foveola with adjacent retinal thickening
3. Retinal thickening greater than one disc diameter in order to one disc area around foveola

The disadvantage of this arrangement is that the findings are not always clear.

Diabetes is a vascular disease
Diabetes affects vessels. Therefore, the assessment of the ischemic component is very important. Diabetes on the retina leads to a thinning of the peri foveolar capillary network. The normal fovelar avascular zone (FAZ) increases in size. Almost always, the lesions are irreversible. The capillary network is so badly damaged that swelling can not longer be caused, no edema is visible in advanced cases. In an avascular retina, OCT of the foveola shows completely thinner layers. The normal fine retinal layers are destroyed, but a few crumbs are visible. In very far-advanced stage, anti-VEGF and laser have no great benefit anymore for the visual acuity. The goal of therapy in very advanced situations is no longer the visual acuity, but to prevent vascular proliferations, thus bleeding and a secondary glaucoma or even blindness.

Download video:

Strategies in Diabetes GETOCT 4</itunes:summary>
		<itunes:author>admin</itunes:author>
		<itunes:explicit>clean</itunes:explicit>
	</item>
	</channel>
</rss>
